Relevant persons in charge of the Emergency Management Department interpreted the "two catalogs" of hazardous chemicals

Global Coatings Network News: A few days ago, the Emergency Management Department organized and issued the "Catalogue for the Safety Classification and Rectification of Hazardous Chemical Enterprises (2020)" (emergency [2020] No.

3.
Question: What is the effect of the two catalogues on preventing and containing major accidents?

Answer: The two catalogs are expected to play a three-fold role in preventing and containing serious accidents of hazardous chemicals: First, promoting the precision of hazardous chemical safety supervision
.
In accordance with the requirements of the "Catalogue for the Safety Classification and Rectification of Hazardous Chemical Companies (2020)", the companies that do not meet the requirements for safe production conditions shall be classified and rectified, and the "Guidelines for the Investigation and Management of Safety Risks of Hazardous Chemical Enterprises" shall be promoted, and gradually Forming refined enterprise rating and evaluation methods, and implementing them in conjunction with corresponding administrative penalties, can achieve differentiated and precise supervision
.
The second is to force companies to improve their safety production levels
.
Through classification and rectification, the "three batches" of enterprises that fail to meet the requirements for safe production conditions are realized, that is, one batch is closed and withdrawn, one batch is closed for rectification, and one batch is rectified within a time limit, forcing enterprises to strictly implement the main responsibility for production safety, and investigate and control Safety risks and hidden dangers, to enhance the overall safety production level and safety assurance capabilities of the industry
.
The third is to phase out a batch of high-risk technology and equipment
.
Article 35 of the "Safety Production Law" stipulates: "The state implements a elimination system for processes and equipment that seriously endanger production safety.
.
.
Production and business units shall not use processes and equipment that endanger production safety that should be eliminated
.
" Some outdated technology and equipment have frequent and frequent accidents during use, and it is urgent to eliminate them or limit their use in high-risk locations
.

4.
Question: After the release of the two catalogs, how to implement the relevant work?

The classification and rectification of enterprise safety that do not meet the requirements of safety production conditions is a comprehensive and highly policy-oriented work.
Four points should be paid attention to in the progress of work: First, adhere to laws and regulations
.
All regions should study and formulate local catalogs and implementation methods on the basis of the national catalogs
.
In the process of policy formulation, it is necessary to strictly follow the relevant specific provisions of laws, regulations, rules, and standards, distinguish three types of compliance, transformation and upgrading, and withdrawal according to the law, and clarify the classification content, the basis for illegality, and the basis for handling
.
The second is to insist on classified disposal
.
On the basis of a comprehensive investigation and evaluation of hazardous chemical companies, we will scientifically classify and implement precise policies for companies that do not meet the requirements for safe production conditions to achieve "three batches" and comprehensively improve the level of safety development
.
The third is to adhere to policy guidance
.
Various localities should study and formulate supporting policies and measures, such as introducing policies on land, finance, taxation, and employee resettlement that encourage relocation and transformation and upgrading, and support the integration of listed companies and other advantageous enterprises, and the merger of small enterprises
.
The fourth is to insist on grading implementation
.
In accordance with the principle of overall planning at the provincial level and implementation at the city and county levels, comprehensive use of policy measures such as safety, environmental protection, quality, energy saving, and land, research and formulate supporting policies, strengthen coordination and cooperation with relevant departments, and form a joint force
.

Article 2 of the "Catalogue of Safety Classification and Rectification of Hazardous Chemical Enterprises (2020)" "I.
Temporary deduction or revocation of safety production licenses" Article 2 stipulates that "the use of the state's explicit order to eliminate backward safety technology, technology, and equipment listed in the equipment catalog" , The "Catalog of Safe Production Technology and Equipment for Eliminating Outdated Hazardous Chemicals (First Batch)" provides specific basis for the implementation of Article 2
.
All regions should incorporate the "Catalogue of Production Process Technology and Equipment for the Elimination of Outdated Hazardous Chemicals (First Batch)" into the safety classification and rectification work of hazardous chemical enterprises and make overall considerations and advance them as a whole
.
What needs special explanation is that if the elimination category is "prohibited" in the "Catalogue for the Elimination of Outdated Hazardous Chemicals Safety Production Technology and Equipment (First Batch)", it shall not continue to be used from the date of publication of the document; the elimination category is "restricted" In the case of such items, it shall be implemented in accordance with the specific restrictive provisions of the relevant items
.

Attachment: Interpretation of some terms in the two catalogs

1.
Catalogue of Safety Classification and Rectification of Hazardous Chemical Enterprises (2020)

(1) Temporarily withholding or revoking safety production licenses

2.
Use the process and equipment listed in the country's explicit order to eliminate outdated safety technology processes and equipment catalogs
.

This article quotes the second paragraph of Article 9 of the "Measures for the Implementation of Safety Production Licenses for Hazardous Chemicals Production Enterprises", which is one of the conditions for the issuance of safety production licenses for hazardous chemicals.
At the same time, Article 35 of the "Safety Production Law" There are also clear regulations
.
The catalogue of backward safety technology, technology and equipment by the State’s explicit order to eliminate backward safety technology and equipment refers to the multiple batches of backward safety technology, technology and equipment catalogues published by the Ministry of Emergency Management and the former State Administration of Work Safety in recent years, including the "Catalogue on Issuing the Elimination of Backward Safety Technology and Equipment (the first batch in 2015).
)” (Safety Supervision General Technology [2015] No.
75), the “Notice on Eliminating Outdated Safety Technology Processes and Equipment Catalog (2016)” (Safety Supervision General Science and Technology [2016] No.
137), and the hazardous chemicals section eliminate backward technology equipment dangerous chemicals directory (first batch) "(ERD [2020] No.
38) and so on
.

(2) Suspension of production and business for rectification or temporary suspension of production and business, suspension of use of related facilities and equipment

5.
The control room, cabinet room, substation, laboratory, office, etc.
of the installation shall not be arranged in the same building as the room with Class A, B and A equipment
.

This article quotes 5.
2.
16 of the "Fire Protection Standard for Design of Petrochemical Enterprises" (GB 50160) 5.
2.
16, which is a mandatory clause and is mainly applicable to petrochemical enterprises
.
However, from the perspective of prevention and control risks and intrinsic safety, in order to reduce the concentration of personnel, the control rooms, laboratories, and offices of non-petrochemical enterprises should also be designed and operated in accordance with the above-mentioned standards, and the cabinet rooms and substations should be gradually rectified in accordance with this requirement
.

(3) Correction within a time limit

1.
The construction project involving "two key points and one major" failed to organize and carry out the Hazard and Operability Analysis (HAZOP) as required
.
The requirements for the organization of HAZOP in this article refer to: the "Guiding Opinions on Strengthening the Safety Management of Chemical Processes" (General Administration of Safety Supervision III [2013] No.
88) product major hazards (hereinafter referred to as "a focus on two major") of production storage device identification risk analysis, to adopt the hazard and operability analysis (HAZOP) technique, usually once every three years "
.
The "Notice on Further Strengthening the Safety Design Management of Hazardous Chemicals Construction Projects" (Safety Supervision General Administration 3 [2013] No.
76) stipulates that for construction projects involving "two key points and one major", HAZOP analysis and production process must be carried out in the basic design stage.
The selected safety measures should be determined on the basis of the HAZOP analysis.
In particular, the control methods and control measures of the critically supervised hazardous processes should be configured according to the characteristics of the process and the control plan determined after the HAZOP analysis is carried out at the design stage
.

5.
The upstream and downstream supporting equipment involved in nitrification, chlorination, fluorination, diazotization, and peroxidation process equipment have not achieved automatic control
.

Among the 18 key hazardous chemical processes under supervision, nitrification, chlorination, fluorination, diazotization, and peroxidation processes involve explosive chemicals, highly toxic chemicals, etc.
, not only nitrification, chlorination, fluorination, and diazonium.
The reaction device of chemical and peroxide process has a high safety risk, and its upstream and downstream processes, such as solvent extraction and distillation downstream of the nitrification unit; chlorine gasification and chlorine absorption in the chlorination unit are also prone to accidents, and automatic control must be realized.
Minimize the number of personnel on the job site
.
Therefore, the "Three-year Action Plan for the Special Remediation of Hazardous Chemicals Safety" stipulates that "all upstream and downstream supporting equipment involving nitrification, chlorination, fluorination, diazotization, and peroxide process equipment must be automatically controlled by the end of 2022.
Minimize the number of people in the workplace
.
"

7.
Failed to set up and use toxic, harmful, combustible gas leak detection and alarm system in accordance with the standard; combustible gas and toxic gas detection and alarm signals are not sent to the manned on-site control room, central control room, etc.
for display and alarm
.

Setting up flammable and toxic gas detectors at work sites where hazardous chemical leaks may occur is an effective measure to ensure timely detection of hazardous chemical leaks and timely disposal to avoid further expansion of the situation
.
However, some companies' flammable and toxic gas detection alarms only have sound and light alarms on the spot, and the alarm signals are not sent to the manned on-site control room or central control room.
Once the on-site inspection is found not in time, the consequences of the accident may be escalated
.
Enterprises that have not designed and built on-site control rooms and central control rooms should transmit the alarm signal to the manned duty room to ensure that leakage alarms are discovered and dealt with in time
.

2.
Catalogue of safe production technology and equipment for eliminating outdated hazardous chemicals (first batch)

(1) Eliminate outdated technology

3.
Atmospheric fixed bed intermittent coal gasification process

Most enterprises that use atmospheric fixed-bed intermittent coal gasification processes generally have relatively low automation.
There are many on-site workers during manual coal charging and ash discharging
.
In the event of fire, explosion, scalding and other accidents, it is easy to cause mass deaths and injuries .
However, this technology is currently widely used in domestic companies, and some companies have begun to transform automation control
.
Therefore, the atmospheric fixed-bed intermittent coal gasification process is included in the “restricted category” of the phase-out process, and it is clarified that new and expanded projects are prohibited from using the atmospheric fixed-bed intermittent coal gasification process, and the existing atmospheric fixed-bed intermittent coal gasification process is encouraged Upgrading of the production equipment of the Company will promote the transformation and upgrading of the coal gasification process and continuously improve the level of intrinsic safety
.

4.
Atmospheric neutralization ammonium nitrate production process

The current production processes of ammonium nitrate mainly include atmospheric neutralization process, pressurized neutralization process and tubular reactor process
.
The normal pressure neutralization method has a large amount of materials in the reactor, low reaction efficiency, and a large amount of tail gas escape.
At present, only a few ammonium nitrate manufacturers are still using it
.
According to statistics, the overall supply of ammonium nitrate in the domestic market exceeds demand, with severe overcapacity, and ammonium nitrate has the dangerous characteristics of being easily decomposed and exploded when exposed to fire and thermal radiation.
The safety risks in storage and transportation are huge.
In order to reduce safety risks, adjust ammonium nitrate For product structure, it is necessary to eliminate outdated ammonium nitrate production technology
.

(2) Eliminate backward equipment

2.
Vinyl chloride gas holder with multi-section bell jar

As a storage facility for regulating the upstream and downstream working pressure of vinyl chloride production equipment, the vinyl chloride gas holder is widely used in vinyl chloride production enterprises
.
However, due to the design of the gas holder, the bell jar of the multi-section bell jar of the vinyl chloride gas holder is likely to jam and cause the vinyl chloride to leak.
In recent years, there have been many vinyl chloride leakage and explosion accidents
.
Such as the "11-28" accident of Hebei Shenghua Chemical Company and the "4-24" deflagration accident of Dongxing Chemical in Wulanchabu, Inner Mongolia
.

The China Chlor-Alkali Industry Association has formulated and promulgated the "Regulations for the Safe Operation of Vinyl Chloride Gas Holders" and the "Improvement Plan for the Safety Protection Measures of Vinyl Chloride Gas Holders", and put forward the requirements for the use of multi-section bell gas holders into single section bell gas holders.

.
The "Three-year Action Plan for Special Remediation of Hazardous Chemicals Safety" puts forward that "polyvinyl chloride production enterprises should follow the "Vinyl Chloride Gas Tank Safe Operation Regulations" and the "Vinyl Chloride Gas Tank Safety Protection Measures Improvement Program" to further improve vinyl chloride gas.
Cabinet safety management measures to enhance the intrinsic safety level" requirements, so it is included in the elimination of backward equipment to limit
.

3.
Ternary heat exchanger for gas purification process of coal-to-methanol plant

The ternary heat exchanger is a device in which there are three fluids for heat exchange.
Its structure is to wrap a "shell" outside the plate-fin heat exchanger to form a heat exchange space for another stream
.
The material used in this type of heat exchanger is mostly aluminum alloy.
Due to the insufficient strength and the effects of stress and corrosive materials, it is easy to cause corrosion at the welding seam of the ternary heat exchanger shell
.
In recent years, coal chemical companies have experienced many fire accidents caused by the leakage of ternary heat exchangers.
For example, in 2015, a ternary heat exchanger used in the desulfurization and decarbonization process of the purification section of Inner Mongolia Yidong Group Jiuding Chemical Co.
, Ltd.
was caused by leakage.
Explosion accident
.

4.
Chlorine storage warehouse without airtight and automatic absorption system

Chlorine is a highly toxic and hazardous chemical, and its storage location is often a major source of danger, with high safety risks and prone to leakage and poisoning accidents
.
Such places should be sealed in strict accordance with relevant standards and regulations, and accident handling facilities such as automatic absorption devices interlocked with alarms should be installed
.
In the recent supervision and inspection, it was discovered that some companies' chlorine tank farms and storage warehouses were not fully enclosed, nor were they equipped with an automatic absorption system interlocked with the alarm.
In the event of an accident, the poisonous gas would diffuse outwards, which could easily lead to more serious poisoning accidents
.

7.
Gas heating furnaces and heat conduction oil furnaces without flame monitoring and flameout protection system

The heating furnaces and heat-conducting oil furnaces in this article refer to heating furnaces and heat-conducting oil furnaces that use gas, natural gas and other gas as fuel
.
When the gas supply of the heating furnace and the heat-conducting oil furnace is interrupted and the combustion resumes, if there is no flame monitoring and flameout protection system, it may cause the furnace to explode
.
Therefore, a flame monitoring and flameout protection system must be configured
.