Real hammer!

Real hammer! Experts dig deep into the resurrection of the US laboratory and leak details of the virus history

Real hammer! Experts dig deep into the resurrection of the US laboratory and leak the details of the virus history! Experts dig deep into the resurrection of the US laboratory and leak details of the virus history

On September 9, Lynn Klotz, a senior researcher at the U.
S.
Centers for Arms Control and Non-Proliferation, published an article titled "Serious Risks of Potential Epidemic Pathogens Produced in the Laboratory" in the Bulletin, disclosing It shows the details of the virus leaked from the laboratory by American researchers in the experiment of resurrecting the virus
.

U.
S.
restart of virus experiment brings risk of human-to-human transmission

U.
S.
restart of virus experiment brings risk of human-to-human transmission

In 2012, researchers in the Netherlands and the United States published research on the airborne transmission of avian influenza in mammals, shocking the industry
.

The work of Ron Fuhiye and Yoshihiro Hagang has reignited the debate about whether potential pandemic virus research is too dangerous to proceed

After Fuhiye and Yoshihiro Hagang published their research, the debate about whether to create a disease threat for research purposes led to the US government's suspension of funding for so-called "functional gain" research
.

However, this suspension was later lifted, and many facilities are creating and researching potential poultry and human pandemic viruses

As early as 2012, when the paper was published, people knew that highly pathogenic avian influenza or H5N1 rarely spread from one patient to another
.

They wrote that this virus "can cause morbidity and death in humans, but so far has not acquired the ability to spread from person to person through aerosols or respiratory droplets (airborne)

Fuhiye and his colleagues argued that if the bird flu virus can spread through the air, it will become more threatening, and scientists need evidence to prove this potential
.

As a result, they created pathogens that could cause a pandemic

Prior to the research by Fuhiye and Yoshihiro Hagang, the H5N1 virus did not spread effectively in the air.
Instead, they created a "new version" of the H5N1 virus that can effectively spread
.

In a letter to the editor of "mBIO" magazine, Fuhiye defended the safety of his laboratory facilities
.

His laboratory is indeed "physically" very safe

H5N1 Avian Influenza Virus Leakage in U.
S.
Laboratories

H5N1 Avian Influenza Virus Leakage in U.
S.
Laboratories

Klotz also pointed out that in a paper published by Yoshihiro Hegang and others in 2012, “the lungs of ferrets have human-like.
.
.
receptors,” “the H5N1 virus with pandemic potential may appear, including this The avian-human recombinant virus tested by the department
.

" Both Fuhiye and Yoshihiro Hagang realized that the H5N1 avian influenza virus they made that can be transmitted through the air may cause a pandemic among humans

Klotz said that in accordance with the "Freedom of Information Act," the materials he obtained from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Office of Science Policy pointed out that the office had learned about the "shocking biosafety conditions" of Yoshihiro Hagang's laboratory.
Later, he severely criticized the laboratory
.

According to regulations, laboratories using recombinant DNA technology must report incidents to the NIH Office of Science Policy
.

According to the report of the laboratory management officer and the office’s response, “When the researcher tried to collect the tissue culture supernatant, the ABSL3+ laboratory experienced a needle stick incident

Official official

In addition, the laboratory also had a leak of H5N1 avian influenza virus, which was also recorded in the office's response
.

Klotz said that the lack of special quarantine facilities in laboratories dealing with dangerous pathogens is obviously a big omission, and the bare skin in the ABSL3+ laboratory is obviously a serious violation of common safety rules

According to officials from the Office of Science Policy , the virus strain in the acupuncture incident is not the H5N1 avian flu that is airborne by mammals
.
But in theory, a needle stick with this deadly virus could also infect researchers
.
If the strain can be spread through the air, isolation at home may also put neighbors at risk
.

Official

In another accident at the Hegang Yiyu laboratory, someone forgot to turn off the tap and flooded several laboratories
.
In a flooded laboratory, the resurrected H1N1 influenza virus from the 1918 pandemic emerged
.
An official from the laboratory reported the incident to the government
.

Official

Klotz said that based on data from two sources, the Federal Select Agent Program (FSAP) and the US Office of Science Policy, human error accounts for the percentage of potential exposure incidents in US biosafety tertiary laboratories.
The ratios are 73.
5% and 79.
3%.
These laboratories aim to study microorganisms that can spread through the respiratory tract and cause serious or even fatal diseases
.

The United States has resurrected the influenza virus that killed 50 million people in 1918

The United States has resurrected the influenza virus that killed 50 million people in 1918

Klotz said this is not the first time researchers have increased the risk of a pandemic because of their laboratory operations
.

In an article published in the journal Science in 2005, US Centers for Disease Control researcher Terence Tompey and others described how they resurrected the pandemic influenza virus that killed about 50 million people in 1918
.
They said that the purpose of resurrecting the virus is to "study the characteristics related to its abnormal virulence
.
" They confirmed that this is an extremely dangerous pathogen: "The coordinated expression of viral genes in 1918 undoubtedly gave this pandemic virus the unique high-virulence phenotype observed
.
"

Until Tang Pei and others rebuilt the 1918 strain, this virus has been difficult to find
.
In 1951, John Hulting went to a remote village in Alaska to obtain samples from the bodies of pandemic victims preserved in the Arctic permafrost
.
Without modern molecular biology technology, the virus could not have been resurrected.
However, in the laboratory, Tang Pei and his colleagues artificially created a dangerous virus that has basically disappeared from the earth
.

Many experts warned about the danger of the "1918 virus" or spread in the community.
Perhaps the most convincing one was Donald A.
Henderson, a famous American epidemiologist who helped eliminate smallpox
.

According to an article published in "New Scientist" on October 21, 2004, Henderson said: "If an infected laboratory worker spreads the virus outside the laboratory, the potential impact is terrible
.
" However, despite the danger, American researchers are still studying reconstructed versions of the virus
.

Finally, Klotz said that the risks of a pandemic tell us that we should proceed with caution, in other words, the precautionary principle should be adopted
.
The most prudent policy is to suspend research on this airborne bird flu virus among mammals
.

Focus on the new crown pneumonia epidemic