Read a article about pig farming

Pig futures are about to be listed, as China's first live delivery varieties and China's huge amount of agricultural and sideline products, it is necessary that many investors are full of interest in the "second brother", today we come together to understand those things about pigs.
The main pig varieties common pig varieties can be divided into foreign pig varieties and domestic pig breeds, foreign pig varieties have about grams (also known as big white pigs), long white pigs, Dulock, Pitland and so on, the domestic has Ningxiang pig, Taihu pig, xiang pig, Neijiang pig and so on.
The biggest difference between the two is that foreign pig breeds are lean meat type, lean meat rate is more than 60%, domestic pigs are fatter, lean meat rate of 40-50%, and slow growth rate.
foreign pig breeds 5, 6 months to grow up to sell, local pigs generally need to raise 1 year to sell.
refore, foreign pig varieties have the advantages of fast growth rate, short pig cycle and high meat slaughter rate, which is more suitable for large-scale breeding, which is also the reason why a large number of foreign good pigs need to be introduced at home.
how should we use pig breeding after the introduction of pig breeding model abroad? This is a very important breeding process in pig farming.
the current domestic most mainstream pig breed is the foreign three yuan, at the same time this is about to be listed pig futures.
as the name implies, outside the three yuan refers to foreign pig species, three yuan is the use of three foreign breeds of pigs.
Before the outbreak of swine fever in Africa, more than 70% of the domestic pigs were foreign three yuan, in a simple way, the foreign three yuan is to Dourok as the father, Changbai and About grams hybridized the resulting sow as the mother.
also introduced the characteristics of Dulock, Changbai, and Yok before the meeting.
's reproductive capacity is slightly worse than that of Changbai and About grams, but it has a very high growth rate and feed conversion efficiency.
outside the three belongs to the advantage of hybridization, the collection of three varieties of essence, buttocks, legs long, body shape is very beautiful, is the pig's "bodybuilding champion."
from an economic point of view, when the slaughter of foreign three yuan waste less, meat rate than other varieties more.
foreign three yuan: the domestic mainstream three-yuan supporting system, to Dulock, Changbai, about grams of three varieties of hybridized three-yuan commodity pigs; Inner three yuan: three parents in the mother is a local breed, more to take large white or long white pig mating with local sows to get binary sows, and then mating with Dulock to get three pigs; Earthy pigs: hybrid breeds of foreign and local pigs.
: Dalian Commodity Exchange pig futures delivery quality standards This time the Dalian Commodity Exchange launched pig futures target for lean meat-type three-yuan commodity pigs.
Sear specific delivery standards look at the following figure: Picture source: Dalian Commodity Exchange pig expansion system to understand the pig expansion system, we need to first explain two industry nouns: First, PSY, refers to a sow can produce a year of live piglets; Second, MSY, refers to the annual output of a sow fattening pig, the current domestic PSY is 21.
breeding of pigs is divided into four generations: Zeng zu generation, ancestral generation, parent generation, commodity generation.
To a sow a year to produce 20 piglets to measure, from the Zeng dynasty, a sow gave birth to 20 piglets, of which the selection rate of sows 50%, that is, a Zengzu generation of pigs a year to produce 5 ancestral sows.
the same process, the ancestral pig sow selection rate of 60%, that is, a generation of six parents a year to produce pigs.
Parents on behalf of pigs annual output of 20 head (PSY - 2.3 nests x 10 head / nest x 0.9 lactating pig survival rate), that is, a parent pig a year to produce 20 three yuan commodity pig, the whole ratio of expansion is 1:5:30:600.
Photo Source: The pig breeding process at the China Merchants Futures Research Institute understands the entire breeding process of pigs and its expansion factor, and also needs to know how long it takes for a pig to grow from birth to growth.
each generation needs to undergo breeding, pregnancy, childbirth and breastfeeding after 28 days to get weaned piglets, and then piglets fattening.
From the time dimension, from the introduction to the three-yuan commodity pig out to more than 3 years time, from the normal binary sow supplement column to the commodity pig out of the column sales need about 1.5 years, you can see that the pig breeding cycle is relatively long, so the recovery of production capacity is not overnight, which also determines the pig price fluctuation cycle in about 4 years.
pig feed at the end of a brief introduction to the pig's necessities: feed.
first a brief understanding of the concept of meat ratio: refers to the pig weight gain of one kilogram, during the consumption of feed dosage, meat ratio is low on the representative of high feed conversion rate.
feed is composed of energy, protein, vitamins, amino acids and other nutritional additives, this nutritional additives and carriers are called premixes, characterized by high prices, small materials, fine ratio.
premixed with protein (bean meal, fishmeal) with concentrate, concentrate with energy (corn, wheat bran, etc.) with full-price ingredients, which can be used directly.
Commodity pigs from birth to column about 5 months, has experienced baby pigs, piglets, piglets, big pigs four stages, for the growth stage of pigs can be accurately discharged, lactation with breast milk, conservation with teaching slots and milk piglets, fertilizer period with piglets, piglets, big piglets.
source: China Merchants Futures Research Institute above is corn, soybean meal in these kinds of materials in the specific proportion.
average, more than 66% of pig feed is corn, 24% soybean meal, amino acids accounted for 10%.
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