Progress in virus immune characteristics and course of disease of simian AIDS model infected with SIV

The pygmy monkey is the only non-human primate in the old world that can be infected with HIV-1 The pygmy monkeys are divided into three species: nanpingdingmonkey, beipingdingmonkey and mingdawei monkey The pygmy monkeys distributed in China are beipingdingmonkey There are few reports on the basic biology and disease animal models of beipingdingmonkey and mingdawei monkey Zheng Yongtang, research group of Kunming Institute of zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, has previously clarified the molecular mechanism of HIV susceptibility in pygmy monkeys (Liao et al, AIDS, 2007; Kuang et al, retrovirology, 2009), constructed an animal model of HIV-1 infection in pygmy monkeys, and found that HIV-1 can continue to replicate and form latent infection at a low level in pygmy monkeys (Pang et al, SCI bull, 2018) APOBEC3 also induced the super mutation of HIV-1 virus, and the abnormal cutting of APOBEC3G reduced the editing pressure on HIV-1 genome (Pang et al, front Immunol, 2018; Zhang et al, J Virol, 2019) The animal model of AIDS is helpful to study the pathogenesis of AIDS, evaluate AIDS drugs, vaccines and treatment strategies Because of the significant species specificity of HIV infection, the non-human primate model of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) or simian human immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection is still the most widely used animal model of AIDS There is no report of HIV / AIDS model in beipingding monkeys infected with SIV or SHIV Under the guidance of Zheng Yongtang, a researcher from Kunming Institute of zoology, Zhang Mingxu, song tianzhang, Ph.D., and so on, established the HIV / AIDS model of SIVmac 239 infected beipingding monkeys, and carried out a study on its virus immunological characteristics It was found that the development of the disease was related to a variety of immunological data, including T cell activation, CD4 / CD8 The proportion and change of T cells, as well as the degree of T cell differentiation, are consistent with the situation of HIV-1 infection reported in the previous literature, indicating that SIVmac239 infection in beipingding monkeys can be used to study the factors related to the progress of AIDS, and multiple sets of data may be used to more accurately analyze and predict the progress of the disease (Zhang et al, immunology, 2017, 152:574-579); interestingly, the immunological indexes of Beiping top monkeys and Chinese macaques infected with SIVmac239 were compared, and it was found that some Beiping top monkeys had CD4 after entering the chronic infection stage+ T cells can spontaneously recover to near or even exceed the pre infection level, and the disease progress of beipingding monkeys is slower than that of Chinese macaques as a whole, which has not been reported in Asian macaques infected with SIV or human infected with HIV-1 in the past, suggesting that beipingding monkeys may be more suitable for studying the steady-state recovery and maintenance of CD4 + T cells after virus infection (Zhang et al, Eur J Immunol, 2018, 48:384-385); microbial translocation is an important factor to accelerate the progress of disease The results showed that the intestinal integrity of Beiping top monkeys was better and the level of microbial translocation was lower Further studies show that this is closely related to the low level of T cell activation, which proves that beipingding monkeys can maintain better CD4 + T cell homeostasis and slow down disease progression (Zhang et al, zool res, 2019, 40:522-531) The above series of studies on SIVmac 239 infection in Beiping top monkeys show that the model is a suitable animal model for AIDS, and has its unique advantages in clarifying some specific scientific issues of AIDS