Progress has been made in the study of the development of the cortex.

During the evolution of animals, the structure and volume of the brain have undergone great changes.from the smooth brain represented by mice to the brain with complex sulcus and gyrus structure, the neural cells are all derived from neural stem cells. The diversity and heterogeneity of neural stem cells has always been one of the hot spots of neurobiologists.elucidating the characteristics and regulatory mechanism of brain neural stem cells can provide necessary research basis and new ideas for the treatment of nervous system diseases, especially neurodegenerative diseases.on February 20, cerebral cortex, an International Journal of cortical research, published online the research paper of Wang Xiaoqun, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences.this study systematically studied the development characteristics of cerebral cortex of Tupaia belangeri China at different developmental time points (e25, E30, E35, E40), especially the types and characteristics of neural stem cells.firstly, the structure and cell types of cerebral cortex of tree shrew were analyzed in detail.studies have shown that with the development of tree shrew, the subventricular zone of cerebral cortex of tree shrew expands rapidly, and the structure of outer subventricular zone similar to that of primates appears The molecular expression, morphology and division pattern of different neural stem cells (NSCs) were studied by immunohistochemistry and real-time imaging techniques. We found that there were a large number of outer radial glial cells (orgs) in osvz.the results show that the formation of osvz structure and the appearance of orgs are not the characteristics of sulcus animals, but a common phenomenon in evolution, and have no direct relationship with the formation of cerebral sulcus.in addition to orgs, a large number of intermediate progenitor cells (IPC) have been found in SVZ and osvz.intermediate precursor cells are another kind of important neural precursor cells in the cerebral cortex. In rodents such as mice, most of the intermediate neural precursor cells only undergo one symmetrical division to produce two nerve cells; however, in primates, intermediate precursor cells can divide many times to produce multiple nerve cells.through the double labeling experiment of pyrimidine analogues edu and BrdU, as well as the recording of time lapse real-time imaging technology, it was found that the intermediate precursor cells in the cerebral cortex of tree shrew have the ability of multiple division.this is the first time that intermediate precursor cells with multiple division ability have been found in non primates. The multiple division ability of intermediate precursor cells enhances the speed and quantity of nerve cells, and provides cytological basis for rapid expansion of brain volume.Wang Xiaoqun, a researcher at the Institute of Biophysics, Wang Wei, an associate researcher, and Wu Qian, a professor of Beijing Normal University, are the co authors of the paper.Yin Chonghai, a doctoral student of Wang Xiaoqun's research group, was the first author of the paper. Zhou Xin, an assistant researcher of Wang Xiaoqun group, and Yao Yonggang, a researcher of Kunming Institute of zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, also participated in the study.the research was supported by the national key R & D program, the National Natural Science Foundation of China, and the strategic leading science and technology program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.the SVZ area of neocortex in tree shrew (Tupaia belangeri) is enlarged, and a large number of Org cells appear; IPC cells can divide many times.source: Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences