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In recent years, my country's architectural exterior wall coating industry has developed rapidly, and the demand for various new architectural coatings has continued to grow, and it has shown good technical and economic effects in practical applications.
With the improvement of living standards, people also have a high level of pursuit of modern architecture, so exterior wall coating has become an indispensable construction process for modern architecture.
The main function of exterior wall paint is to decorate and protect the exterior wall of the building, make the appearance of the building beautiful and tidy, so as to achieve the purpose of beautifying the urban environment.
At the same time, exterior wall coatings can also protect the exterior walls of buildings and extend their service life.
Architectural coatings mainly have the functions of decoration, protection and improvement of the use environment.
The normal performance of its functions is closely related to the technical performance of the coating, the condition of the base layer, the construction technology and the environmental conditions.
1.
The treatment method of the base layer must ensure the construction quality of the coating project and make it durable.
The surface treatment of the base layer is the key.
The quality of the base treatment directly affects the adhesion, service life and decorative effect of the paint, so this process must be paid attention to before the paint construction.
Different substrate materials have different requirements and methods for surface treatment.
1.
The requirements for concrete and plastering base course treatment are: the surface should be smooth, the inner and outer corners should be dense; the pH value of the base course should be below 10; the water content should not be greater than 8 for the base course using solvent-based coatings.
%, the base layer using water-soluble paint should not be more than 10%; the plastering plane should be firm and firm, and the surface oil, dust, splashing and mortar flow marks should be thoroughly removed.
Dust and other attachments can be swept away with brooms, brushes, etc.
Mortar splashes, flow marks and other debris can be removed with tools such as spatula, wire brush, and chisel.
The surface efflorescence can be neutralized with 3% oxalic acid aqueous solution, and then rinsed with water.
After cleaning the hollow drum, crisp cracks, peeling, and sanding with a spatula, wire brush, etc.
, rinse them with clean water and then repair them.
The old pulp can be brushed with water to dissolve the old pulp, and then use a spatula to scrape off the old pulp.
2.
The treatment of wood base layer requires that the moisture content of the wood base layer is not more than 12%; the surface should be neat and free of dust, oil and other dirt; the gaps, burrs, and fat sacs on the surface of the base layer should be treated, and then smoothed with putty , Lighting up.
Grease and glue stains can be cleaned with warm water, soapy water, alkaline water, etc.
, or wipe off with alcohol, gasoline or other solvents, and then rinse with clean water.
The resin can be removed with acetone, alcohol, benzene or carbon tetrachloride, or washed away with 4%~5% NaOH aqueous solution.
In order to prevent the resin in the wood from oozing out, it is advisable to seal the part after removing the resin with a layer of shellac paint.
3.
Metal base treatment The basic requirements for the metal base surface are that the surface is smooth, free of dust, oil, rust, scales, welding slag, burrs and old coatings.
The rust layer on the metal surface can be removed by manual sanding, mechanical sandblasting, shot blasting (iron nine or steel shot with a diameter of 0.
2mm~1mm) or chemical rust removal.
For welding slag and burrs can be removed with a grinder.
2.
Types of construction methods The basic application methods of architectural coatings include brushing, rolling, spraying, and elastic coating.
1.
Spraying Spraying is a mechanical application method that uses a spray gun (or spray hopper) to spray paint on the base layer.
It is characterized by good appearance quality, high work efficiency, suitable for large-area construction, flat-walled, granular or concave-convex patterned coating can be obtained by adjusting the viscosity of the coating, the size of the nozzle diameter and the spraying pressure.
The spraying pressure is generally controlled at 0.
3MPa~0.
8MPa, the discharge port should be kept perpendicular to the sprayed surface during spraying, the spray gun movement speed should be uniform, and the distance between the spray gun nozzle and the sprayed surface should be controlled at about 40cm~60 cm.
The spraying walking route can be carried out horizontally, vertically or S-shaped round trip depending on the construction conditions.
When spraying, you should first spray the vicinity of doors, windows, etc.
, and then spray the large surface.
Generally, the second coating will survive, but the main coating of the multi-layer coating should be sprayed together.
The overlap width of the spraying surface should be controlled at about 1/3 of the spraying width.
The quality of spraying is required to be uniform in thickness, flat and smooth, without bottoming, wrinkles, sagging, pinholes, bubbles, and loss of gloss.
2.
Brushing Brushing is a method of manually applying paint on the surface of the base layer with a brush or pen.
This method is simple and easy to learn, has wide applicability, and simple tools and equipment.
Except for a few paints with poor leveling or drying too fast, which are not suitable for brushing, most thin paints and thick paints can be used.
The sequence of the Sichuan pages of brush painting is left and right, up and down, difficult and easy first, and edge first.
Generally it is a two-step survival, high- and intermediate-level decoration can be increased by 1 to 2 brushing.
The quality requirements of brushing are uniform thickness, consistent color, no missing brush, runny and brush pattern, and rich coating.
3.
Roll coating Roll coating is the use of soft hair rollers and pattern rollers for construction.
This method has the advantages of simple equipment, convenient operation, high work efficiency, and good coating effect.
The order of rolling is basically the same as that of brushing.
First, the wool roller dipped in paint is rolled in an inverted W shape, and the paint is roughly rolled on the wall, and then the wool roller is smoothly rolled back and forth on the top, bottom, left and right of the wall to make the paint evenly rolled.
Turn it on, and finally use the wool roller to roll it in a certain direction.
The internal corners and upper and lower mouths generally need to be painted with a brush in advance.
When knurling, the pattern roller should be operated from left to right and from bottom to top.
If the roller is not long enough, it should be left for the final treatment.
After the rolled wall pattern is dry, cover it with paper to make up the roll.
The quality requirements of roller coating are uniform thickness, smoothness, no sagging, no leakage; patterns and patterns are complete and clear, symmetrical, and color coordinated.
4.
Spraying Spraying is a mechanical application method that uses a spray gun (or spray hopper) to spray the paint on the base layer.
It is characterized by good appearance quality, high work efficiency, suitable for large-area construction, flat-walled, granular or concave-convex patterned coating can be obtained by adjusting the viscosity of the coating, the size of the nozzle diameter and the spraying pressure.
The spraying pressure is generally controlled at 0.
3MPa~0.
8MPa, the discharge port should be kept perpendicular to the sprayed surface during spraying, the spray gun movement speed should be uniform, and the distance between the spray gun nozzle and the sprayed surface should be controlled at about 40cm~60 cm.
The spraying walking route can be carried out horizontally, vertically or S-shaped round trip depending on the construction conditions.
When spraying, you should first spray the vicinity of doors, windows, etc.
, and then spray the large surface.
Generally, the second coating will survive, but the main coating of the multi-layer coating should be sprayed together.
The overlap width of the spraying surface should be controlled at about 1/3 of the spraying width.
The quality of spraying is required to be uniform in thickness, flat and smooth, without bottoming, wrinkles, sagging, pinholes, bubbles, and loss of gloss.
5.
Elastic coating Elastic coating is the use of a dedicated electric or manual elastic applicator to bounce various colors of paint onto the base layer of the veneer to form round granular color dots with a diameter of 2mm~8mm, similar sizes, different colors, and interlacing each other.
Or a color coating with alternating dark and light dots.
For those that need to be pressed or embossed, they can be pressed after two thousand color points, and then overlaid.
The elastic coating surface layer has strong bonding ability and can be used for various base layers to obtain a firm, beautiful, and three-dimensional coating surface layer.
The elastic coating must first be sealed with acrylic matt paint.
After the surface dries, the elastic paint will be applied with some paste.
Color dot paste adopts thick exterior wall paint, and can also be prepared on-site with exterior wall paint and pigment.
The color points can be used for 1~3 times, especially the second and third color points are directly related to the three-dimensional texture effect of the finish, and the overlap of the color points should not exceed 60%.
The amount of paint in the elastic applicator should not exceed 1/3 of the volume of the hopper.
The direction of elastic coating is from top to bottom in a circular ring shape, and there must be no splicing phenomenon.
The distance between the elastic applicator and the wall is generally 250mm~350mm, which mainly depends on the amount of paint in the hopper.
The distance gradually decreases as the paint decreases, so that the size of the color point remains uniform.
Building exterior wall paint finishing is the most convenient, economical, and easy to maintain and update decoration method inside and outside buildings.
It has rich colors, variable texture, good durability, and high construction efficiency.
It has been widely used in building decoration projects.
Applications.
With the improvement of living standards, people also have a high level of pursuit of modern architecture, so exterior wall coating has become an indispensable construction process for modern architecture.
The main function of exterior wall paint is to decorate and protect the exterior wall of the building, make the appearance of the building beautiful and tidy, so as to achieve the purpose of beautifying the urban environment.
At the same time, exterior wall coatings can also protect the exterior walls of buildings and extend their service life.
Architectural coatings mainly have the functions of decoration, protection and improvement of the use environment.
The normal performance of its functions is closely related to the technical performance of the coating, the condition of the base layer, the construction technology and the environmental conditions.
1.
The treatment method of the base layer must ensure the construction quality of the coating project and make it durable.
The surface treatment of the base layer is the key.
The quality of the base treatment directly affects the adhesion, service life and decorative effect of the paint, so this process must be paid attention to before the paint construction.
Different substrate materials have different requirements and methods for surface treatment.
1.
The requirements for concrete and plastering base course treatment are: the surface should be smooth, the inner and outer corners should be dense; the pH value of the base course should be below 10; the water content should not be greater than 8 for the base course using solvent-based coatings.
%, the base layer using water-soluble paint should not be more than 10%; the plastering plane should be firm and firm, and the surface oil, dust, splashing and mortar flow marks should be thoroughly removed.
Dust and other attachments can be swept away with brooms, brushes, etc.
Mortar splashes, flow marks and other debris can be removed with tools such as spatula, wire brush, and chisel.
The surface efflorescence can be neutralized with 3% oxalic acid aqueous solution, and then rinsed with water.
After cleaning the hollow drum, crisp cracks, peeling, and sanding with a spatula, wire brush, etc.
, rinse them with clean water and then repair them.
The old pulp can be brushed with water to dissolve the old pulp, and then use a spatula to scrape off the old pulp.
2.
The treatment of wood base layer requires that the moisture content of the wood base layer is not more than 12%; the surface should be neat and free of dust, oil and other dirt; the gaps, burrs, and fat sacs on the surface of the base layer should be treated, and then smoothed with putty , Lighting up.
Grease and glue stains can be cleaned with warm water, soapy water, alkaline water, etc.
, or wipe off with alcohol, gasoline or other solvents, and then rinse with clean water.
The resin can be removed with acetone, alcohol, benzene or carbon tetrachloride, or washed away with 4%~5% NaOH aqueous solution.
In order to prevent the resin in the wood from oozing out, it is advisable to seal the part after removing the resin with a layer of shellac paint.
3.
Metal base treatment The basic requirements for the metal base surface are that the surface is smooth, free of dust, oil, rust, scales, welding slag, burrs and old coatings.
The rust layer on the metal surface can be removed by manual sanding, mechanical sandblasting, shot blasting (iron nine or steel shot with a diameter of 0.
2mm~1mm) or chemical rust removal.
For welding slag and burrs can be removed with a grinder.
2.
Types of construction methods The basic application methods of architectural coatings include brushing, rolling, spraying, and elastic coating.
1.
Spraying Spraying is a mechanical application method that uses a spray gun (or spray hopper) to spray paint on the base layer.
It is characterized by good appearance quality, high work efficiency, suitable for large-area construction, flat-walled, granular or concave-convex patterned coating can be obtained by adjusting the viscosity of the coating, the size of the nozzle diameter and the spraying pressure.
The spraying pressure is generally controlled at 0.
3MPa~0.
8MPa, the discharge port should be kept perpendicular to the sprayed surface during spraying, the spray gun movement speed should be uniform, and the distance between the spray gun nozzle and the sprayed surface should be controlled at about 40cm~60 cm.
The spraying walking route can be carried out horizontally, vertically or S-shaped round trip depending on the construction conditions.
When spraying, you should first spray the vicinity of doors, windows, etc.
, and then spray the large surface.
Generally, the second coating will survive, but the main coating of the multi-layer coating should be sprayed together.
The overlap width of the spraying surface should be controlled at about 1/3 of the spraying width.
The quality of spraying is required to be uniform in thickness, flat and smooth, without bottoming, wrinkles, sagging, pinholes, bubbles, and loss of gloss.
2.
Brushing Brushing is a method of manually applying paint on the surface of the base layer with a brush or pen.
This method is simple and easy to learn, has wide applicability, and simple tools and equipment.
Except for a few paints with poor leveling or drying too fast, which are not suitable for brushing, most thin paints and thick paints can be used.
The sequence of the Sichuan pages of brush painting is left and right, up and down, difficult and easy first, and edge first.
Generally it is a two-step survival, high- and intermediate-level decoration can be increased by 1 to 2 brushing.
The quality requirements of brushing are uniform thickness, consistent color, no missing brush, runny and brush pattern, and rich coating.
3.
Roll coating Roll coating is the use of soft hair rollers and pattern rollers for construction.
This method has the advantages of simple equipment, convenient operation, high work efficiency, and good coating effect.
The order of rolling is basically the same as that of brushing.
First, the wool roller dipped in paint is rolled in an inverted W shape, and the paint is roughly rolled on the wall, and then the wool roller is smoothly rolled back and forth on the top, bottom, left and right of the wall to make the paint evenly rolled.
Turn it on, and finally use the wool roller to roll it in a certain direction.
The internal corners and upper and lower mouths generally need to be painted with a brush in advance.
When knurling, the pattern roller should be operated from left to right and from bottom to top.
If the roller is not long enough, it should be left for the final treatment.
After the rolled wall pattern is dry, cover it with paper to make up the roll.
The quality requirements of roller coating are uniform thickness, smoothness, no sagging, no leakage; patterns and patterns are complete and clear, symmetrical, and color coordinated.
4.
Spraying Spraying is a mechanical application method that uses a spray gun (or spray hopper) to spray the paint on the base layer.
It is characterized by good appearance quality, high work efficiency, suitable for large-area construction, flat-walled, granular or concave-convex patterned coating can be obtained by adjusting the viscosity of the coating, the size of the nozzle diameter and the spraying pressure.
The spraying pressure is generally controlled at 0.
3MPa~0.
8MPa, the discharge port should be kept perpendicular to the sprayed surface during spraying, the spray gun movement speed should be uniform, and the distance between the spray gun nozzle and the sprayed surface should be controlled at about 40cm~60 cm.
The spraying walking route can be carried out horizontally, vertically or S-shaped round trip depending on the construction conditions.
When spraying, you should first spray the vicinity of doors, windows, etc.
, and then spray the large surface.
Generally, the second coating will survive, but the main coating of the multi-layer coating should be sprayed together.
The overlap width of the spraying surface should be controlled at about 1/3 of the spraying width.
The quality of spraying is required to be uniform in thickness, flat and smooth, without bottoming, wrinkles, sagging, pinholes, bubbles, and loss of gloss.
5.
Elastic coating Elastic coating is the use of a dedicated electric or manual elastic applicator to bounce various colors of paint onto the base layer of the veneer to form round granular color dots with a diameter of 2mm~8mm, similar sizes, different colors, and interlacing each other.
Or a color coating with alternating dark and light dots.
For those that need to be pressed or embossed, they can be pressed after two thousand color points, and then overlaid.
The elastic coating surface layer has strong bonding ability and can be used for various base layers to obtain a firm, beautiful, and three-dimensional coating surface layer.
The elastic coating must first be sealed with acrylic matt paint.
After the surface dries, the elastic paint will be applied with some paste.
Color dot paste adopts thick exterior wall paint, and can also be prepared on-site with exterior wall paint and pigment.
The color points can be used for 1~3 times, especially the second and third color points are directly related to the three-dimensional texture effect of the finish, and the overlap of the color points should not exceed 60%.
The amount of paint in the elastic applicator should not exceed 1/3 of the volume of the hopper.
The direction of elastic coating is from top to bottom in a circular ring shape, and there must be no splicing phenomenon.
The distance between the elastic applicator and the wall is generally 250mm~350mm, which mainly depends on the amount of paint in the hopper.
The distance gradually decreases as the paint decreases, so that the size of the color point remains uniform.
Building exterior wall paint finishing is the most convenient, economical, and easy to maintain and update decoration method inside and outside buildings.
It has rich colors, variable texture, good durability, and high construction efficiency.
It has been widely used in building decoration projects.
Applications.
