Policy interpretation: will the price of grain fluctuate greatly after the opening of purchase and sale market?

Introduction: the State Council decided to fully open the grain purchase and sale market this year, actively and steadily promote the reform of grain circulation system, and recently issued the opinions on further deepening the reform of grain circulation system, and promulgated and implemented the regulations on the management of grain circulation Will the market order be disordered when the main bodies engaged in grain purchase are diversified? Will there be any pressure on grade and price during the acquisition? Will there be a big fluctuation in grain price? How to protect the interests of grain farmers and consumers? The reporter interviewed Liu Xiaonan, deputy director of the Department of policies and regulations of the State Food Administration, on issues of concern to readers Can the grain market be "alive and orderly"? After the opening of the grain purchase and sale market, the State encourages the main bodies of various ownership markets to manage grain However, from the past experience and lessons, if we do not strengthen market management and regulation after the opening of grain market, we are prone to the problem of market disorder Therefore, this reform emphasizes that the government should strengthen the management of the grain market and make it "free without disorder, alive and orderly" To this end, the regulations regulate the business activities of grain purchase, sale, storage, transportation, processing and other links, clarify the obligations of grain operators, and the legal responsibilities for violation of regulations, and strengthen the management of grain wholesale and retail markets When the market price of grain rises unreasonably, local governments can control the purchase and sale difference rate of wholesale enterprises and Retail enterprises take measures such as the zero difference rate to stabilize the grain market price How to prevent the purchase under pressure? Grain purchase is the key link of grain circulation, and also the most problematic link after the opening of the market For example, when the supply of grain exceeds the demand and the price of grain in the market falls, all kinds of grain operators do not actively enter the market to purchase or reduce the price of grain, which will lead to the "difficulty of selling grain"; when the supply and demand of grain is tight and the price of grain in the market rises, there is often a disorder of price hike, rush purchase and purchase Problem The following measures have been taken in this reform: first, direct subsidies have been given to grain farmers (including grain producers of agricultural reclamation enterprises and farms), so that grain farmers can compensate for the cost of grain production and obtain appropriate benefits Second, when there is a major change in the supply and demand of grain, when necessary, the State Council may decide to implement the minimum purchase price for the key grain varieties in shortage in the main grain production areas When the market price is lower than the minimum purchase price, the enterprises designated by the State shall purchase at the minimum purchase price This year, the state has announced the lowest purchase prices for early indica, medium, japonica and late indica rice The third is to implement the market access system for grain purchase The operators engaged in grain purchase must have certain conditions, be examined by the grain administrative department at or above the county level and registered by the industrial and commercial administrative department, and bear corresponding obligations at the same time Fourth, we need to continue to play the main channel role of state-owned grain purchase and sale enterprises How to avoid soaring food prices? After the opening of grain purchase and sale market, grain price is mainly formed by market supply and demand The fluctuation of food price to some extent is a normal phenomenon, but if the price of food rises and falls sharply, it will bring adverse effects on the life, economic development and social stability of urban and rural residents From the end of last year to the beginning of this year, there have been two large increases in market grain prices, mainly due to some new changes in the relationship between grain supply and demand, which in general is a reasonable recovery in grain prices Through a series of macro-control measures adopted by the state, the current grain production momentum is good and the market price is stable In the future, the state will continue to take measures to encourage grain production, mobilize the enthusiasm of the main production areas and farmers to grow grain, promote the development of grain production, improve the macro-control system and emergency response plan for grain, improve the central and local grain reserve system, establish the operating account system and statistical reporting system for all grain operators, and strengthen the monitoring and analysis of the grain market; The people's government at the provincial level may, according to the situation of grain supply and demand, stipulate the maximum or minimum stock of grain wholesalers, finished grain processing enterprises, chain supermarkets and other grain management enterprises in their respective administrative areas under normal circumstances, so as to prevent individual grain merchants from hoarding and curiously storing The relevant departments shall, in accordance with the requirements of the regulations, seriously investigate and deal with all kinds of illegal and illegal acts that damage the rights and interests of consumers, such as adulterating, shoddy, shortweight, bid up food prices, and bullying the market As long as we take appropriate control measures to ensure the continuous supply of grain and the market price does not skyrocket, we can do so