"PNAS" big breakthrough! Scientists from the three countries jointly developed a new "detoxification version" of erythromycin, the side effects greatly reduced!

The drug could be adjusted to reduce its toxic side effects, especially heart damage, without impairing its ability to suppress tumors, according to a new studyThe study upended conventional thinking about amycin and related drugs, suggesting that they don't need to destroy DNA directly to kill cancer cellsThe study was publishedproceedings with the Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesWhy the Red Devil?amycin is one of the best anti-cancer drugs to treat cancer, but it has greater toxic side effects, such as hair loss, bone marrow suppression and heart toxicity, especially heart toxicity is the most serious toxic side effect of these drugs, limiting its clinical applicationBecause of its unique color and terrible toxicity, it is called the "Red Devil"The development of amycinDoxorubucin?) (amycin), which belongs to penicillin, initially extracted from streptomycin genus bacteriaThey have antibiotic properties, but they have also proved to be one of the most effective chemotherapy treatments ever discoveredThe ring drug is used each year to treat 1 million cancer patients, especially those with leukemia and breast canceramycin has two activities: DNA damage and chromatin damageBecause ring-type drugs can cause heart damage, doctors generally do not recommend treating elderly patientsMany childhood cancers can be treated with high doses of medicine, but heart disease is easily associated with heart disease in later life, with the onset of new tumors, which doctors attribute to the damage to DNA caused by the druglipid amycin is a liposome as a shell to carry ordinary amycin, lipid stake after drug re-distribution in the body, so that the heart, kidney, gastrointestinal tissue drug concentration is significantly reduced, so it can reduce the toxic effects of these organs, especially to reduce the toxicity of amycin to the heart, but the effect is limiteda team led by chemist Jacques Neefjes of Leiden University in the Netherlands, who led a different approach based on surprising findings about how drugs fight cancer, they and another U.S team reported in 2013 that the drug kills fast-splitting cells, such as those in tumors, by blocking enzymes that need to be untangled and repaired when they replicate But the researchers found that amycin can also kill cancer cells by removing histones, a spherical protein in which DNA wraps around the spool to form a structure called chromatin This chromatin destruction apparently interferes with gene transcription of proteins and other cellular processes Safer amycin Sherif El-Khamisy, deputy director of the Institute for Healthy Life At the University of Sheffield in the UK, and his team plan to test two potentially safer amycin drugs in the human body in this new work, The Layton team tested two variants of the ring drug that remove histones without destroying DNA: an approved anti-cancer drug, Aclarubicin, and an adjusted amycin called amyel-Doxo Alobistar was used for leukaemia in Europe, but was withdrawn from the market in the 1990s due to manufacturing problems Scientists at the U.S National Cancer Institute came up with the concept of diMe-Doxo in the 1980s, but did not develop it further these compounds are as effective, if not better, in killing cultured cancer cells, and are almost as effective as primitive drugs, and almost as effective as slowing tumor growth in mice However, mice prone to tumors showed no signs of heart damage after taking alubico, suggesting that people who took the drug might not be affected by these effects The Lleyton team reported in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, published online June 17, that the mice were also significantly less likely to develop cancer later The future of the new version of Amycin professor Katerina Gurova, , from the first cancer center in the United States, and the Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center in Buffalo, New York He is developing a cancer drug that works by destroying chromatin and is learning more about how to reduce the toxicity of these widely used drugs   Neither drug is now patented, which means the company is not interested, Neefjes said As a result, his team has raised funds from both public and private sources to produce diMe-Doxo and Acrabi Star to the quality standards required by patients, so they can conduct clinical trials as academic work results suggest that both drugs are worth studying - albinos appear to be most effective for blood cancer, while diMe-Doxo appears to be more effective for solid tumors The team has received substantial funding from the Dutch Cancer Society to begin clinical trials of Alobistar in patients with recurrent leukemia starting next year Reference: 2 Jacques? Neefjes el al Unafr DNA damage from chromatin damage to detoxify doxorubicin Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences? Jun 2020,???117? (26)?15182-15192;? DOI:10.1073/pnas.1922072117 Source: Translational Medicine.