-
Categories
-
Pharmaceutical Intermediates
-
Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients
-
Food Additives
- Industrial Coatings
- Agrochemicals
- Dyes and Pigments
- Surfactant
- Flavors and Fragrances
- Chemical Reagents
- Catalyst and Auxiliary
- Natural Products
- Inorganic Chemistry
-
Organic Chemistry
-
Biochemical Engineering
- Analytical Chemistry
-
Cosmetic Ingredient
- Water Treatment Chemical
-
Pharmaceutical Intermediates
Promotion
ECHEMI Mall
Wholesale
Weekly Price
Exhibition
News
-
Trade Service
Epigenetic effects such as gene silencing and variable expression are unintended consequences of plant transformation, a problem that is present in the transformation of all plant species. There is not yet a reliable way to prevent epigenetic silencing; however, the probability of epigenetic effects may be reduced by choosing an appropriate method of transgene introduction into a plant cell. Most methods used in plant biotechnology, such as direct gene transfer and particle bombardment, result in the introduction of multiple
DNA
molecules and, as a consequence, multi-copy multi-
locus
insertion patterns. These multiple insertions may lead to variations in transgene expression, epigenetic silencing being the most extreme. In contrast,
Agrobacterium
-mediated plant transformation procedures rarely cause such unintended effects. In this chapter, we present advantages and disadvantages of the
Agrobacterium
-mediated plant transformation method as well as protocols for transformation of
Arabidopsis
generative tissues and tobacco seedlings as the most classical techniques in these model plants, i.e., vacuum infiltration of explants and floral dip methods. Moreover, epigenetic effects of transgenes such as silencing related to the position and insertion effects as well as effects of the regeneration procedure causing somaclonal variation will be briefly discussed.
