Plant tissue culture materials and methods

From low-level algae to moss, ferns, seed plants and other higher plants of all kinds, all parts can be used as
tissue
culture
materials, the general naked plants are mostly using seedlings, buds, ligament cells, seed plants using embryos, germs, daughter leaves, seedlings, stems, roots, stems, leaves, flowering pills, flower powder, sub-room and embryo beads and other parts.the surface of plants is often contaminated with mold and bacteria under natural conditions, the material must be sterilized. Generally used bleaching powder solution (
1 to 10%), sodium hypochlorate solution (0. 5 to 10%), mercury solution (0. 01%), ethanol (70%) or hydrogen peroxide (3 to 10%) and other treatment, and then repeatedly rinsed with sterile water to clean, and then in the sterile room, the tissue quickly cultured on solid
fiveer
. Under suitable conditions, the surface of the indentation of the injured tissue will soon be able to grow a dedifferent tissue pile, called Callus, which can induce the growth of the whole plant at a certain time on the appropriate media, so the injured tissue is not only a source of some plant metabolites, but also one of the main ways to induce the plant.under suitable training conditions, it can also make the healing tissue survive for a long time, which is called step-by-generation training. However, in the secondary culture, many plant cultured tissues or cells with the increase of re-culture algexual, differentiation capacity will gradually decrease or even lose, the reason may be due to the cultivation process exists in the original mother, and organ formation related to the gradual consumption of special substances, so can use
hormones
or improve nutritional conditions to restore it, there are also believed to be tissues and cells in long-term culture genetic changes, mainly chromosomal changes, a large number of polysomy or non-rectumination cells may be reduced. Different cultures can make the healing tissue grow at different speeds, and the structure can be loosened, using these properties to disperse it into single cells or small cell clusters. To form a single
cell culture
it is advisable to do so in a medium of higher salt, high growth and highly hydrolysed casein, then move into the liquid and disperse into single cells by stirring. There are also ways to add some gel enzymes, but generally it is rare to get pure one single cell.In the cultivation of medicinal plant material selection, should also take into account the required secondary biomass in the plant synthesis site, if the selection and culture method is appropriate, can make the original plant produced by the metabolites through cell or tissue culture
bio-chemical
transformation.can obtain active ingredients through organizational culture, but in fact only a large number of successful cultivation has economic value. Therefore, suspended culture is often used in production instead of solid
containing
agar and agar. The growth of suspended culture of healing tissue is usually faster than that of static culture, which is due to the rapid penetration of nutrients into cells during suspended culture, the inhibition of growth of metabolic waste can be removed quickly, while oxygen supply is also better, in this culture should pay attention to the air and regular update of nutrients, which is to ensure stable growth, one of the key to high yield of secondary substances.