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Placental stem cells can be launched to improve the health of patients!

 Last Update: 2021-03-25
 Source: Internet
 Author: User

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Recently, the US FDA approved the world's first human clinical trial using stem cells to treat spina bifida before birth, and this trial uses placental-derived mesenchymal stem cells.

In fact, in addition to congenital defects, placental stem cells have been widely used in clinical studies of many rare diseases and common diseases, and have shown great clinical application prospects.

In recent years, more and more researches have focused on placental mesenchymal stem cells.

Data comes from Pubmed

Compared with mesenchymal stem cells derived from other tissues, the advantages of placental mesenchymal stem cells can be summarized as follows:

Advantages of placental stem cells

(1) Wide source, easy separation, strong amplification ability and high purity;

(2) Lower immunogenicity;

(3) Avoid intrusive operations or ethical related issues;

(4) Potential problems related to aging are avoided, and its proliferation capacity, life span and differentiation potential are all improved [1].

In a study conducted by a foreign team [2], stem cells derived from amniotic fluid (AFSC), stem cells derived from placenta (PLSC) and mesenchymal stem cells derived from bone marrow (BM-MSC) were compared against antigen-stimulated leukocytes and lymphocytes.

Picture from literature [2]

Placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells also show their unique advantages in disease control.

In the face of the raging new crown pneumonia epidemic, many countries have adopted mesenchymal stem cells as a treatment for critically ill patients.

The study analyzed the expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme receptor 2 in mesenchymal stem cells from various sources.

Picture from literature [3]

For example, scientific research has confirmed the effect of placental mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of ovarian diseases [5], which can increase the secretion of estrogen, increase the expression level of genes related to follicle formation, and improve ovarian function.

Placental stem cells have been widely used in the treatment of many diseases, such as ankylosing spondylitis, aplastic anemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, ischemic stroke, etc.

Up to now, the clinical trials of placental mesenchymal stem cells registered on the clinicaltrials.
gov website of the National Institutes of Health have increased year by year, mainly involving neurological diseases, cardiovascular diseases, blood system diseases, and immune system diseases.
And metabolic diseases, etc.

In recent years, case reports on placental stem cell therapy are also common.

In April 2019, a study case published in Melbourne, Australia showed that a 67-year-old patient received a placental amniotic stem cell injection within 24 hours of a stroke.
After the first stage of treatment, it had a significant therapeutic effect-the disease was caused by the disease before the treatment.
Weakness of the upper limbs and severe speech barriers turned into free control of their hands.

In 2018, researchers from Monash University and Monash Children's Hospital in Australia launched a world-first therapy related to placental stem cells.
They used human placental stem cells to activate the baby's lungs for self-repair.
Nowadays, more and more premature babies with lung diseases have joined the experiment.
Although the disease has not yet been cured, it has been preliminarily proven that this treatment is feasible.

In 2016, the world's first case of placental stem cells in the treatment of progeria attracted much attention.
After a 14-year-old girl with progeria received intravenous injection of placental mesenchymal stem cells, her rapidly aging body was relieved, and her life was improved compared to before, and her life was also prolonged.

In the field of disease treatment, placental stem cells are bringing more and more first cases in the world, bringing new possibilities for the treatment of many untreatable diseases in the past.

4.
Placental stem cells can be marketed

With the development of technology, the global stem cell industry has entered the 4G era of placental stem cells.
More and more clinical studies related to placental stem cells have been approved.
For example, the US FDA has just approved the world's first human clinical trial of stem cell treatment of spina bifida.

In my country, clinical trials of new drugs related to placental stem cells have also obtained clinical tacit approval.
At the same time, many of the projects that have passed the national record also use placenta-derived stem cells.
From the perspective of clinical applications and new research results, placental stem cells have entered a new stage of development and are getting closer and closer to the market.

references:

[1] Liu Taixing, Wang Yingxiong, Ding Yubin.
Research progress of placenta-derived stem cells[J].
Chinese Journal of Prenatal Diagnosis (Electronic Edition), 2018, 10(01): 1-5.

https://kns.
cnki.
net/kcms/detail/detail.
aspx?dbcode=CJFD&dbname=CJFDLAST2018&filename=ZGCQ201801002&v=cKUdUfnwhjNIEnMuux8UaU7wlHm4%25mmd2BXCk7YExf0A64uMLX77aMEL816

[2] Khoury O, Atala A, Murphy SV.
Stromal cells from perinatal and adult sources modulate the inflammatory immune response in vitro by decreasing Th1 cell proliferation and cytokine secretion.
Stem Cells Transl Med.
2020 Jan;9(1):61- 73.
https://pubmed.
ncbi.
nlm.
nih.
gov/31638323/

[3] Desterke C, Griscelli F, Imeri J, Marcoux P, Lemonnier T, Latsis T, Turhan AG, Bennaceur-Griscelli A.
Molecular investigation of adequate sources of mesenchymal stem cells for cell therapy of COVID-19-associated organ failure.
Stem Cells Transl Med.
2020 Nov 25:10.
1002/sctm.
20-0189.
https://pubmed.
ncbi.
nlm.
nih.
gov/33237619/

[4] Zeng X, Tang Y, Hu K, Jiao W, Ying L, Zhu L, Liu J, Xu J.
Three-week topical treatment with placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells hydrogel in a patient with diabetic foot ulcer: A case report.
Medicine (Baltimore).
2017 Dec;96(51):e9212.
https://pubmed.
ncbi.
nlm.
nih.
gov/29390468/

[5] Kim TH, Choi JH, Jun Y, Lim SM, Park S, Paek JY, Lee SH, Hwang JY, Kim GJ.
3D-cultured human placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cell spheroids enhance ovary function by inducing folliculogenesis.
Sci Rep .
2018 Oct 17;8(1):15313.
https://pubmed.
ncbi.
nlm.
nih.
gov/30333505/

[6] Clark K, Zhang S, Barthe S, Kumar P, Pivetti C, Kreutzberg N, Reed C, Wang Y, Paxton Z, Farmer D, Guo F, Wang A.
Placental Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Promote Myelin Regeneration in an Animal Model of Multiple Sclerosis.
Cells.
2019 Nov 23;8(12):1497.

https://pubmed.
ncbi.
nlm.
nih.
gov/31771176/

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