Pesticide residues of fruits and vegetables-no need to smell the "medicine" discoloration

Recently, the "China Fruit and Vegetable Pesticide Residue Ranking" published by the international environmental protection organization "Greenpeace" has been spread on the Internet, and the pesticide residues of fruits and vegetables have once again attracted widespread attention
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In the absence of knowledge of food safety standards, many people take it for granted that pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables will bring harm to their health
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Some people even ridicule that the most helpless thing in the world is that they know they are poisonous, but they cannot refuse
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In fact, are pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables really as serious as people worry? Will eating fruits and vegetables containing pesticide residues cause harm to human health? ? Pesticide residue does not mean unsafe? In recent years, food safety incidents such as "poisonous cowpea", "poisonous leek" and "poisonous ginger" have been frequently exposed.
The vegetables are not safe
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There are many reasons for the public's concerns about the safety of fruits and vegetables and other foods.
Among them, the misunderstanding of the concepts of "pesticide residue" and "excess pesticide residue" is an important aspect
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? "Many consumers mistakenly believe that pesticide residues are equivalent to unsafe, and even deliberately choose'worm eye vegetables'
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" said Li Shuguang, a professor at the School of Public Health of Fudan University.
"This actually confuses'pesticide residues' and'pesticide residues'.
The concept of pesticide residues in excess of standards
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” Regarding some improper rumors about pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables, Zhu Yi, an associate professor at the School of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, said: “The biggest problem with vegetable safety is the issue of pesticide residues
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In recent years, China’s pesticide residues It has been well controlled, and the rate of exceeding the standard has been declining
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In the formal farmer’s market in big cities, and within the scope of market supervision, vegetables can basically be eaten with confidence
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”? We know that when crops such as fruits and vegetables are growing, Affected by various factors such as temperature and environment, pests and diseases will inevitably occur
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Pesticides must be used to prevent and control pests and diseases, and there will be residues after pesticides are used
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But the presence of residue does not mean it is unsafe, because the harmfulness of pesticide residues on fruits and vegetables is directly related to the residual dose
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As long as the pesticide residues of agricultural products such as fruits and vegetables are within the scope of national standards, they are safe and can be eaten with confidence
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The formulation of China's "Maximum Residue Limits of Pesticides in Food" standards is very strict and basically in line with international standards
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When formulating the standard, it is based on the maximum possible risk, which is calculated based on the maximum amount of a certain agricultural product and the maximum amount that a person can eat every day in his life
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On this basis, taking into account species differences and the safety of pregnant women and children, the safety factor is increased by 100 times
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In other words, if the theoretical safe residue value of pesticides is 1 mg per kilogram, then the final standard is 0.
01 mg per kilogram, and the standard pursues absolute safety
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It can be seen that as long as the pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables do not exceed the safety limit standards set by the state, they will not cause harm to the human body
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? In August 2014, the national standard of "Maximum Residue Limits of Pesticides in Foods" (GB2763-2014) was implemented
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The new standard stipulates 3650 limit indicators for 387 pesticides in 284 (category) foods, covering 12 major types of crops or products such as vegetables, fruits, and grains, and basically covering China's main agricultural products
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The new standard also recommends the testing method standards for pesticide residues, which is conducive to regulating farmers' rational use of pesticides, controlling pesticide residues from the source, and ensuring the quality and safety of agricultural products
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? The overall safety of agricultural product quality? Pesticides are indispensable in the growth process of agricultural products such as fruits and vegetables
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To reduce the harm of pesticide residues to the human body, we must first curb the use of highly toxic pesticides and reduce the frequency of pesticide application as much as possible
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China has successively banned and eliminated 33 highly toxic pesticides, including methamidophos and other products that are still widely used in some developed countries in the United States.
The purpose is to curb the potential risks of highly toxic pesticides from the source
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At present, China's low-toxic and slightly toxic pesticide products account for more than 70% of the total number of pesticide products registered, and the proportion of highly toxic and highly toxic pesticide products has fallen below 2%
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According to regulations, highly toxic and highly toxic pesticides shall not be used in vegetables, fruits, tea, Chinese herbal medicines
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According to Gu Baogen, deputy director of the Center for Quality and Safety of Agricultural Products of the Ministry of Agriculture, “Since 2010, the Ministry of Agriculture has implemented designated management and traceability management of highly toxic pesticides nationwide, and strictly controls the source
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” In addition, China has been supplying some vegetables.
The base promotes the use of biological pesticides
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Compared with traditional chemical pesticides, biological pesticides mainly achieve insecticidal purposes by influencing insect energy metabolism and material synthesis, and are relatively safe for human and animal health and the environment
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? From the perspective of vegetable sources, the vegetables supplied to the market on a large scale are mostly supplied by specialized villages or even specialized towns
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Villages specialized in vegetable production generally have established farmers’ cooperative organizations, where farmers supervise each other in the use of pesticides and unite their households with joint guarantees
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Some vegetable supply bases use standardized vegetable production technology, from seed source to planting environment, to water, fertilizer and medicine, all have relevant technical indicators and technical regulations
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In some places, “one household, one contract, one household, one manual” is implemented in the use of pesticides.
According to the manual, farmers can use pesticides in a safe and orderly manner, so that the source of the “medicine bottles” can be traced, and the flow direction can be traced to fundamentally ensure the use of pesticides.
Safe
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Some vegetable distribution companies are also equipped with pesticide residue rapid detectors to strictly control the quality and safety of vegetables from the field to the table
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? Some people are particularly worried about greenhouse vegetables in winter and like to buy open-air vegetables
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In fact, greenhouse cultivation is relatively open-air cultivation, mainly relying on the use of fungicides to prevent pests and diseases, and the fungicides can basically be decomposed before the product goes on the market
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In addition, the vegetables in the greenhouse are controlled through physical control, such as boring sheds before planting, fumigating sheds for sterilization, applying bacteria fertilizer, preventing diseases such as staggered seasons and stubble, and pests are relatively few
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In order to improve the quality of vegetables, some greenhouse vegetable growers do not use chemical fertilizers and pesticides during the planting process, but instead use farm manure, organic fertilizer and biological pesticides
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Monitoring data from the Ministry of Agriculture show that in recent years, the national vegetable and fruit sampling pass rate has stabilized at over 96%, and has been increasing year by year
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On the whole, the quality of my country’s fruits and vegetables and other agricultural products is reliable, and consumer safety is guaranteed.

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? Form a joint force to eradicate "small, scattered and chaotic"? From the perspective of China's strengthening of food safety supervision in recent years, the trend of drug use in China's fruits and vegetables and other agricultural products is decreasing toxicity, decreasing usage, and increasing safety
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However, it is undeniable that some vegetable growers are driven by profit and use highly toxic pesticides (lower prices than low-grade pesticides and have faster effects), or over-dose and high-frequency application of pesticides, resulting in excessive pesticide residues in vegetables.
Therefore, Strengthening the detection of pesticide residues in vegetables entering the farmer's market, supermarkets and other edible agricultural products trading markets is the key to preventing the fruits and vegetables exceeding the standard pesticide residues from entering the people's table
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? In December 2015, a CCTV reporter conducted an unannounced investigation and found that in a vegetable production area on the outskirts of Guangzhou, some vegetable farmers used highly toxic pesticides such as "chlorpyrifos" and "carbofuran", which were banned by the state, to kill insects on vegetables.
These vegetables were shipped to agricultural products.
After the market is traded, the staff will only charge the market management fee, and the "green light" will be released without any pesticide residue testing
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Article 64 of the "Food Safety Law" stipulates: "The wholesale market for edible agricultural products shall be equipped with inspection equipment and inspectors or entrust a food inspection agency that meets the provisions of this law to conduct sampling inspections of the edible agricultural products sold in the wholesale market
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" At present, more than 70% of the agricultural products in the agricultural market in large and medium-sized cities in China come from agricultural product wholesale markets
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In order to effectively prevent and control the quality and safety risks of edible agricultural products, further standardize the market sales of edible agricultural products, and continuously improve the supervision capacity and level, the State Food and Drug Administration promulgated the "Measures for the Supervision and Administration of the Quality and Safety of Edible Agricultural Products Market Sales" on January 5
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The Measures clarify the obligations of market entities, requiring that the operators of edible agricultural products wholesale markets should be equipped with inspection equipment and inspection personnel, and entrust food inspection agencies that comply with the provisions of the Food Safety Law to carry out sampling inspections or rapid inspections
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In terms of market access, it is clear that edible agricultural products entering the centralized trading market must provide a certificate of origin or a purchase certificate, and a certificate of conformity; if it cannot be provided, sampling inspection or rapid testing must be carried out
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In order to prevent the situation of release without testing, the Measures also clarify the legal responsibilities of market operators, and allow sellers who cannot provide proof of the origin of edible agricultural products or proof of purchase and conformity documents to enter the market for non-sampling inspections or rapid testing.
The food and drug supervision and administration department shall order corrections and give warnings; if they refuse to make corrections, they shall impose a fine of not less than 5,000 yuan but not more than 30,000 yuan
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For those who fail to perform their responsibilities for supervision and management of the quality and safety of edible agricultural products, or abuse their powers, neglect their duties, or engage in malpractices for personal gains, the directly responsible persons in charge and other directly responsible persons shall be investigated for administrative responsibility in accordance with the law
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? At present, although China’s food safety situation is generally improving, the “small, scattered, and chaotic” situation of the edible agricultural product market still exists.
In the case of incomplete market hardware facilities, imperfect functional areas, and unscientific management, regulatory agencies are even more needed.
And market operators should earnestly assume their due responsibilities, strengthen supervision, and form a joint force to ensure that the soon-to-implement "Measures for the Supervision and Management of the Quality and Safety of Edible Agricultural Products Market Sales" are implemented, and never allow food with excessive pesticide residues to enter the people's table
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