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    Home > Active Ingredient News > Antitumor Therapy > One article to understand the image interpretation and identification points of common mediastinal tumors

    One article to understand the image interpretation and identification points of common mediastinal tumors

    • Last Update: 2022-08-19
    • Source: Internet
    • Author: User
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    The mediastinum is located in the middle of the thoracic cavity, surrounded by the lungs on both sides, and is divided into superior, anterior, middle, and posterior mediastinu.


    common mediastinal tumors

    Imaging diagnosis of common mediastinal tumors

    Mediastinal tumors are generally difficult to diagnose by plain X-ray film.


    Thymoma

    thymus

    Thymoma is the most common primary tumor of anterior mediastinal tumors, accounting for about 50.


    Location: The upper middle of the anterior mediastinu.


    Fi.


    Intrathoracic goiter

    thyroid anatomy

    Multiple occurrences in the upper part of the anterior mediastinum, cervicothorax sign; trachea and other surrounding structures are compressed and displaced; can move with swallowing; plain CT value is high, with obvious enhancement and long time; calcification and cystic degeneration may be present; endocrine abnormalities may be presen.


    Thyroid tumor imaging features

    Teratoma

    Location: Solid mass in the anterior mediastinum; Density: Uneven, with fat, calcification, teeth and bone shadows; Dermoid cysts are fluid density with eggshell-like calcifications; Shape: Round or oval with smooth edges ; Benign and more; malignant patients with unclear margins, necrosis, and disappearance of the surrounding fat space; CT, MRI most of which can be clearly diagnose.


    Teratoma imaging findings

    Lymphoma

    Malignant tumors occurring in lymph nodes or extranodal lymphoid tissue, divided into Hodgkin's disease (Hodgkin's disease, also known as Hodgkin's lymphoma) and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (non-Hodgkin disease, also known as non-Hodgkin's lymphoma) lymphoma.


    Multiple enlarged lymph nodes in the hilum of the mediastinum can fuse into a mass, which is lobulated and protrudes bilaterally into the mediastinum, sometimes on one side, but rarely on one sid.


    Differential points of lymphoma imaging manifestations of invasive thymoma and malignant lymphoma

    Posterior mediastinal tumor

    Neurogenic tumors are the most common of posterior mediastinal tumor.


    Location: Occurred in the posterior superior mediastinum, overlapping with the spine on lateral radiographs; Shape: mostly round or oval; Edge: clear and sharp; Density: uniform and slightly lowe.


    Imaging manifestations of posterior mediastinal tumors

    Cyst

    Including bronchial cyst, esophageal cyst, pericardial cyst, cystic lymphangioma, cyst of gastrointestinal origin, cyst of neuroenteric origin, thoracic duct cyst (rare), lipoma, fibroma, xanthoma,et.


    Various types of cysts have certain predilection sites, such as bronchial cysts are mostly located next to the bronchus and trachea under the carina, pericardial cysts are mostly located in the heart-phrenic angle area, thymic cysts are mostly located in the thymus gland of the anterior superior mediastinum, esophageal cysts, neurointestinal cysts Sexual cysts and thoracic duct cysts are mostly located in the posterior mediastinu.


    Imaging appearance of bronchial cyst

    Imaging appearance of pericardial cyst

    Differentiation points of mediastinal tumor and paramediastinal lung cancer

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