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A new study in mice shows that omega-3 fatty acids may help immunotherapy and other treatments to better fight cancer
"Dietary interventions can be powerful tools because of their relative simplicity and cost," said Abigail Kelly, a research associate at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center at Harvard Medical School in Boston.
Kelly will present the new research at the annual meeting of the American Society for Investigative Pathology during the American Society for Experimental Biology (EB) 2022 meeting, April 2-5 in Philadelphia
Research from various laboratories shows that omega-3 fatty acids help reduce cancer risk, while consuming too much omega-6 fatty acids can induce cancer
In the new study, Kelly and senior author Dipak Panigraphy wanted to find out how diet supplemented with these fatty acids affects the antitumor activity of immune checkpoint blockade immunotherapies, as well as anti-inflammatory therapies that inhibit the enzyme soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH).
The researchers used state-of-the-art mouse models of primary and metastatic tumors in the new study
The researchers found that dietary supplementation of omega-3 fatty acids prevented tumor growth in mice treated with immunotherapy, sEH inhibitors, or both
In mice that received the high-3 diet and two cancer treatments, tumor growth was inhibited by up to 67 percent compared with mice that received no treatment and a normal diet
"We show for the first time that a combination of immunotherapy and anti-inflammatory therapy (sEHi) is more effective when fed mice rich in omega-3 fatty acids," Kelly said
The researchers are currently conducting additional studies to determine the mechanism of action that may result in synergistic antitumor activity through omega-3 supplementation
