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Recently, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended 2 new drugs for the treatment of COVID-19, which provides more options for treating the disease
.
The extent to which these drugs save lives depends on their availability and affordability
The first drug is Eli Lilly's JAK inhibitor Olumiant (baricitinib), which is highly recommended for the treatment of severely ill patients with COVID-19
.
The drug is a JAK1/JAK2 inhibitor, which belongs to the Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor class of drugs, which can inhibit the over-stimulation of the immune system
Olumiant is an oral medication that has been approved for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and atopic dermatitis
.
The drug provides an alternative therapy to the interleukin 6 receptor (IL-6R) blocker recommended by the WHO in July 2021
The second drug, GlaxoSmithKline/Vir's monoclonal antibody sotrovimab, is conditionally recommended for the treatment of patients with mild or moderate COVID-19 who are at high risk for hospitalization
.
This includes older, immunocompromised patients, those with underlying medical conditions such as diabetes, high blood pressure and obesity, and unvaccinated patients
Sotrovimab provides an alternative therapy to the monoclonal antibody cocktail casirivimab-imdevimab recommended by WHO in September 2021
.
Several studies are currently evaluating the effectiveness of monoclonal antibodies against Omicron, but early laboratory studies suggest that sotrovimab remains active against this variant
The expert panel that developed the guidelines also investigated 2 additional drugs for the treatment of severe and critical COVID-19: ruxolitinib (ruxolitinib, a JAK1/2 inhibitor) and tofacitinib (tofacitinib, a JAK1/3 inhibitor)
.
Given uncertainty about its effect, WHO made a conditional recommendation against its use
This recommendation forms the eighth edition of the WHO guidelines for the treatment of COVID-19, based on evidence from 7 clinical trials involving more than 4,000 non-severe, severe, and critically ill COVID-19 patients
.
WHO is in discussions with drugmakers to ensure global supply capacity and equitable and sustainable access to newly recommended treatments
.
The Access to Tools to Fight COVID-19 Acceleration Program (ACT-A) has been working with pharmaceutical companies to pursue comprehensive drug access programs for low- and middle-income countries, allowing these drugs to be rapidly deployed around the world, not just rich countries
WHO has begun prequalification of these 2 newly recommended medicines to assess the quality, efficacy and safety of priority medical products to increase access to medicines in low-income countries
Reference source: WHO recommends two new drugs to treat COVID-19
Reference source: WHO recommends two new drugs to treat COVID-19
