Precautions for establishing a biosafety laboratory

Biosafety laboratories have been more and more looked up to in the world, especially since the outbreak of SARS and highly pathogenic avian influenza, from senior experts and scholars to ordinary people in China are aware of the serious situation that our country faces in the field of living material safety At one time, there was no P4 level laboratory in China, and P3 level laboratory was not standardized, which This situation has seriously inhibited the research and application of the field of living material safety and related products in China The Ministry of health has issued the industry standard for living material safety laboratory, general guidelines for living material safety of micro living material and living material medical laboratory (ws233-2002) Its main internal essence is basically referring to the National Institutes of health of the United States The NIH and CDC standards are used to guide the design, construction and application of living material safety laboratories at all levels This paper briefly introduces one of the main items that should be paid attention to in the establishment of P3 laboratories that are widely considered suitable for SARS and other researches all over the world, and gives an example of the unique place and performance of the special spectrograph facilities that meet the requirements of P3 / P4 living material safety laboratories At the same time, the vicious disease in the United States will strangle the living material safety level standard of core laboratories (3 Level and level 4) are attached for reference P3 laboratory is used for the research and office work of endogenous and exogenous willow disease sources (if inhaled due to exposure, it will lead to serious and potentially fatal diseases) On the whole, the person in charge of the experiment should receive professional training in dealing with the pathogenic and potentially fatal disease sources, and be supervised by the qualified scientific office workers who have the ability to handle the disease sources All the steps related to the operation of infectious source shall be implemented in the living material safety cabinet or other physical protection device, or by the person who wears appropriate protective clothing and equipment for the experiment The laboratory has to be pre engineered and started Let's take a look at the specific requirements of the laboratory: first of all, P3 laboratory's location should be selected to leave the driving area in the archway, and it is strictly forbidden to enter the laboratory easily After entering the corridor, at least two semi-automatic doors are needed to enter the laboratory All doors should be locked, and a changing room can be set up in the corridor for those who are easy to experiment to change their experimental protective clothing In addition to wearing protective clothing for experiment prevention, the person in charge of the experiment must wear gloves when dealing with infectious sources, infected animals and contaminated spectrograph When entering a house with infected animals, you should also take respiratory and facial care In the laboratory, a fully semi-automatic wash basin shall be installed near the door In the area where the source of the disease is handled, the surface of the wall, ground and Tianhua Board shall be smooth and waterproof, and the joints shall be tightly closed It has corrosion resistance to the chemical test drugs and disinfectants commonly used in the laboratory and is easy to clean and disinfect Pay attention to the group and antiskid of the floor It is suggested to use the mask in the concave part of the floor The test table shall be able to bear the weight expected in advance, and its exterior materials shall be waterproof, heat-resistant, organic solvent resistant, acid and alkali resistant and other disinfection chemicals Attention shall be paid to the group layout, and the space between the test table, safety cabinet and various facilities shall be easy to clean The laboratory shall have a pipe exhaust system with wind direction from "clean area" to "polluted area" The air discharged from the purification bench is no longer circulated to any other area in the archway The external exhaust port shall be far away from the occupied area and air inlet, otherwise, it is necessary to pass HEPA for drenching The person in charge of the experiment must prove that the wind direction entering the laboratory is accurate It is proposed to set up a visual inspection device at the entrance of the laboratory to indicate and prove the wind direction of the incoming air It is necessary to consider the problem of installing HVAC control system to avoid continuous positive pressurization in the laboratory At the same time, an audible alarm device shall be installed to warn the person in charge of the experiment that there is a problem with the HVAC system Moreover, HEPA system shall be tested at least every year to ensure normal office operation all operations related to the source of infection, autopsy of infected animals, collection of groups or liquids from infected animals or embryo eggs, etc shall be carried out in the secondary or tertiary living material safety cabinet The living material safety cabinet shall be placed far away from the door, the ventilation window of the room and the experienced walking area of the laboratory It shall be tested and certified at least every year to ensure that the air discharged from the safety cabinet and drenched by HEPA filter can enter the laboratory circulation When the secondary living material safety cabinet exhausts the air through the exhaust system of the building, the connection of the exhaust pipe of the safety cabinet shall prevent the interference to the air balance of the safety cabinet or the air balance of the exhaust system of the building When using the level III living material safety cabinet, it should be directly adjacent to the exhaust system If the three-level safety cabinet is connected with the air supply system, the positive pressurization of the safety cabinet shall be prevented.