Normalized epidemic prevention and control, how to make "grain bags" sufficient, "...

At the moment of normalized prevention and control of the epidemic, what is the situation of the domestic agricultural product market? The reporter interviewed the heads of relevant government departments, producers and relevant experts to find answers

The inventory is sufficient to make sure that the "grain bag" is guaranteed

"Our seedling situation is okay now!" Liu Xueyou, a major grain grower in Xixian County, Xinyang City, Henan Province, planted more than 2,000 mu of wheat last fall, and the current market has increased his confidence in growing grain

According to data from the State Administration of Grain and Materials Reserves, recently, the transaction price of policy-oriented wheat has continued to fall

Food prices are generally stable

Right now, the peak season for mid-to-late rice has ended, and the peak season for autumn grains such as paddy and corn is also coming to an end

In fact, as one of the main rations, since entering the peak season for purchasing, the price of rice has been stable

"This is mainly because the supply and demand of rice is generally loose, so the market price is relatively stable, and the short-term price fluctuation will not be too large

Guaranteed supply

The confidence of the overall stability of grain prices comes from "grain in hand"

　　"At present, China's grain inventory is at a historically high level, and the material basis for ensuring supply and stable prices is very solid

　　"China's wheat has had a bumper harvest for many years in a row, and the self-sufficiency rate of grain rations has been maintained at a high level, and the overall supply is guaranteed

　　In addition, the relevant state departments have recently announced the minimum purchase price of rice in 2022.

　　There are means to control

　　The inventory is sufficient, but it has to be called out and shipped to consumers

　　Recently, the Chongqing Grain Bureau issued the "Management Rules for Emergency Grain Guarantee Enterprises in Chongqing", requiring districts and counties to set up at least one emergency food supply network in each township (street) in principle, and at least one emergency food supply network should be established for every 30,000 people.

　　This is just a microcosm of the construction of China's food emergency security system

　　"In addition to sufficient raw grain reserves, at present, 36 large and medium-sized cities and areas with volatile markets have a guaranteed capacity of finished grain and oil stocks for more than 20 days

　　Pig prices are hovering at a low level, and the breeding end reduces costs and stabilizes production capacity

　　Pig prices have fluctuated at a low level since July 2021, which is good for consumers, but also puts pressure on farms (households)

　　Under the current background of falling pork prices, what measures can the farming end take to cope with the pressure and stabilize its own production capacity? In this regard, the reporter interviewed relevant experts, leading pig enterprises and small and medium-sized farmers
.

　　Pork supply remains ample in the short term

　　According to data from the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, pork prices have declined for 6 consecutive weeks.
In the 11th week of 2022, the weekly average of the total ex-factory price index of lean meat and white striped pork in 16 provinces (cities) was 15.
73 yuan per kilogram, down 1.
4% month-on-month and year-on-year.
54.
3%, an increase of 0.
2 percentage points from last week
.

　　"The fundamentals of supply and demand of live pigs have not changed, and it is expected that the price of pigs will remain weak in the next two months
.
" Zhu Zengyong said that the current supply of live pigs is still ample.
Inertial growth, coupled with the low season of traditional pork consumption after the Spring Festival, makes it very likely that pig prices will hover at a low level in the short term
.

　　In his view, the current loose supply situation is related to the high pig inventory at the end of 2021
.
According to data from the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, in December 2021, the national live pig inventory was 449 million, a year-on-year increase of 10.
5%; at the same time, the number of reproductive sows at the end of the fourth quarter of 2021 was 43.
29 million, equivalent to 105.
6% of the normal population, and the production capacity increased significantly.
, in the yellow area
.

　　The current production capacity adjustment at the breeding end determines the fundamental improvement of supply and demand in 2023
.
According to data from the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, at the end of January 2022, there were 4,290 breeding sows (10,000 heads), which is already in the green area where production capacity fluctuates normally
.
Zhu Zengyong believes that the possibility of a balance between supply and demand in the second half of the year will be higher than that in the first half of the year
.

　　Leading pig enterprises save costs, increase efficiency and stabilize production capacity

　　"Short-term price fluctuations will not cause large-scale enterprises to make major adjustments to production capacity
.
" said the relevant person in charge of Muyuan, a leading pig company
.
The reporter learned from Muyuan that as of the end of 2021, the company has 2.
831 million breeding sows, and it is expected that the number of breeding sows in 2022 will increase slightly compared with 2021
.

　　It is understood that the cost of pig breeding is mainly composed of feed, labor and epidemic prevention and control costs
.
"Our company's breeding costs have not changed much in the short term
.
" The relevant person in charge of Muyuan introduced that in order to cope with the cost pressure caused by low prices, the company adopted low corn and soybean meal formulas, adjusted feed raw material procurement strategies, and controlled procurement prices with the help of forward contracts.
and other methods to reduce feed costs; through intelligent environmental control, pig raising robots and other intelligent equipment, while reducing labor costs, it also reduces the risk of disease transmission
.

　　For leading pig enterprises, extending the industrial chain and promoting industrial transformation is the long-term way to achieve high-quality development
.
In Zhu Zengyong's view, Muyuan's entry into the slaughtering industry in 2019 is a sign that the company has entered the early stage of improving the industrial chain
.
The current production capacity of Muyuan slaughtering is 22 million heads per year, and an industrial chain has been formed that integrates feed processing, breeding pigs, breeding pigs, commercial pig breeding, and meat slaughtering
.

　　Large households participate in "insurance + futures" to lock income

　　This round of pig raising profits has fluctuated, so that more and more small and medium-scale farmers have a sudden increase in the demand for price risk management
.

　　"Stabilizing the overall pig production capacity and avoiding the ups and downs of pig prices are the common aspirations of our pig farmers
.
" For Uncle Li, a farmer in Yunyang County, Chongqing, even after raising pigs for more than ten years, the cyclical profit fluctuations in the industry are still Make him shudder
.

　　"The compensation level of live pig insurance in the past was low, but the 'insurance + futures' project can increase the income security level of farmers to more than 80%
.
" The salesman of the Chongqing branch of Continental Property Insurance introduced to reporters that the project will be launched in Yunyang in 2021.
At that time, a total of 18 local farmers insured 6,144 live pigs, and the insurance premium contribution ratio was calculated as 20% from farmers, 30% from the government, and 50% from Dalian Commodity Exchange
.
When the final payment was made, the farmers were pleasantly surprised to find that they only paid more than 50 yuan in insurance premiums for each pig, but received a compensation of 1,000 yuan
.

　　The basic income is locked, and pig raising will be more confident
.
Since the past experience, many local farmers are much more motivated to participate in the 2022 live pig "insurance + futures" project
.

　　There are many more successful cases
.
Now the "insurance + futures" project is blooming all over the country
.
It is understood that the 2021 "Dalian Commodity Exchange Farmers' Income Guarantee Plan" has completed the operation of 124 "insurance + futures" projects for live pigs, covering 27 provinces across the country, achieving 167 million yuan in claims and guaranteeing the number of live pigs 219 10,000 heads, helping nearly 10,000 farmers to lock in their basic income
.
(Author: Ouyang Jingwen, a trainee reporter from Farmers Daily and China Agricultural Network)

Liaocheng, Shandong: Promoting stable production and supply of "vegetable basket" products

　　In order to ensure the guarantee of living materials during the new crown pneumonia epidemic, on March 17, the Liaocheng Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Shandong Province issued the "Liaocheng Agricultural and Rural Bureau to promote the stable production and supply of "vegetable basket" products, and ensure the prevention and control of the new crown pneumonia epidemic.
Living materials guarantee work plan ", requires the agricultural and rural departments of all counties (cities, districts) to coordinate the emergency monitoring and production scheduling of rice noodles, edible oil, vegetables, meat, aquatic products, eggs, dairy products and other agricultural products and living materials during the epidemic, and cooperate with relevant departments to carry out Supply of agricultural materials, do a good job in the transportation of related materials, storage and release, etc.
, to meet the daily needs of residents and maintain economic and social stability
.

　　In terms of effectively enhancing the production support capacity of "vegetable baskets", the local area has carried out a comprehensive survey of the production capacity and supply bases of important agricultural products in Liaocheng, and is specific to each large-scale vegetable production base, pig slaughtering enterprises and laying hen farms.
To fully grasp the situation, control at any time
.
Strengthen the technical guidance services for the production of vegetables, livestock products and aquatic products in the city, analyze and analyze the production situation and release production information in a timely manner, guide the response to sudden major pests and diseases, major natural disasters, and extreme weather, coordinate production and development, and stabilize vegetables, meat and eggs.
species and aquatic product production capacity
.
For vegetable varieties, 1 to 2 main producing counties (districts) have been identified as key supply guarantee bases, and specific contact persons and work responsibilities have been clarified to meet the needs of vegetable regulation inside and outside the province in emergencies
.
Strengthen the consultation, research and judgment of the livestock and poultry industry, release information in a timely manner, and stabilize the market supply and demand; cooperate with the Liaocheng Development and Reform Commission and the commerce department to determine 1 or 2 main producing counties (districts) as key supply guarantee bases by increasing transportation and placing pork reserves.
Clarify specific contacts and job responsibilities to ensure the supply of pork in the market
.

　　At the same time, the local also launched the "vegetable basket" product production scheduling system
.
The production situation of "vegetable basket" products shall be released in a timely manner, and production activities such as planting, picking, slaughtering, processing, transportation, and sales related to grain, rape, meat, egg, milk and other products shall be well organized
.
Continue to carry out monitoring and early warning of the operation of the livestock and poultry industry, and timely dispatch information such as production, slaughtering, trading, and external dispatch
.
Since mid-March, twice-weekly scheduling has been implemented, requiring the agricultural and rural departments of all counties (cities, districts) to assign special personnel to be responsible for information scheduling to ensure the timeliness, authenticity and accuracy of information
.

　　Judging from the latest dispatch of Liaocheng Agriculture and Rural Bureau, local vegetables, meat, eggs, milk and other "vegetable baskets" have stable production and guaranteed supply
.
Up to now, Liaocheng has an area of ​​999,300 mu of vegetables in the field, with a daily harvest output of 16,706 tons and a daily market volume of 16,425 tons
.
The vegetables currently on the market are mainly melons, solanaceous fruits, beans, leafy vegetables and other conventional vegetables
.
The production and processing enterprises of agricultural products are running smoothly, with a daily production of 10,512.
8 tons of feed to meet the needs of livestock and poultry breeding
.
The poultry population was 141.
0896 million, and the sunrise population was 2.
0808 million; the live pig population was 2.
2103 million, and the sunrise population was 8914
.
The daily supply of meat is 3518.
44 tons, the daily supply of poultry eggs is 1769.
41 tons, and the fresh milk is 365.
86 tons.
The supply of meat, eggs and milk is sufficient
.