No more COVID-19 vaccinations? Multinational joint study: two antibodies can fight all new crown variants!

Introduction: Antibodies stimulated by new crown vaccination can effectively prevent infection, but it is also an indisputable fact that

Recently, a joint research team from China, the United States and Israel sequenced all immune system B cells in the blood of patients infected with the new coronavirus and recovered, and isolated nine antibodies

On August 5, 2022, the research team from Tsinghua University School of Medicine, the Department of Medicine of the University of California, and the Tel Aviv University School of Medicine in Israel jointly published a paper entitled "Conformational flexibility in neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 by naturally elicited" in The Nature sub-journal Commonics Biology anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies" research results (Figure 1) [1].

Figure 1 Research results (Source: [1])

In terms of COVID-19 treatment, the antibody response to the new coronavirus at the level of sequence, structure and mechanism has been studied by cloning and characterizing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) in convalescent patients with Wuhan-Hu-1 infection, and has been used to treat patients

Previous studies have shown that monoclonal antibodies TAU-1145, TAU-2189, TAU-2230 and TAU-2303 compete with Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and are therefore defined as ACE2bs monoclonal antibodies, while monoclonal antibodies TAU-1109, TAU-1115, TAU-2220, TAU-2310 do not compete with ACE2, It is therefore defined as non-ACE2bs

The study found that:

01 Antibodies that bind to ACE2b are more sensitive to viral mutations

To identify the previously isolated mAb's RBD recognition of the new coronavirus, the graduate students developed the RBD protein that had been identified in Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, and Omicron and tested eight mAbs

Figure 2 Antibody binding to wild-type RBD and new coronavirus variants detected by ELISA (Source: [1])

02 The coronavirus variant is resistant to most monoclonal antibodies, but TAU-1109 and TAU-2310 have been effective

The study used a pseudoviral neutralization test and a coronavirus infection with Vero-TMPRSS2 cells to test the efficacy

Figure 3 Antibody neutralization of the new coronavirus (Source: [1])

03 Structural basis for neutralizing ACE2bs mAb TAU-2303

Viral evolution is mainly focused on the ACE2bs superlocus, which is consistent

04 mAb TAU-2212 blocks ACE2 binding by conformational dynamics

TAU-2212 is one of the most potent monoclonal antibodies, and while ELISA detects its inability to bind to soluble RBD, flow cytometry detects that it inhibits the binding of ACE2, suggesting that receptor binding is blocked by a different mechanism than TAU-2303

Fig.

The study provides functional and atomic-level structural data on the interactions between naturally induced antibodies and new coronavirus variants

Figure 5 Dr.

Dr Natalia Freund, lead author of the study, said: "COVID-19 infection can lead to serious disease, but providing antibodies in the first few days after infection can stop the spread of the virus, so by using effective antibody therapy, we do not have to provide an enhanced dose of vaccine

To confirm Dr.

Resources:

[1] Li R, Mor M, Ma B, et al.