NK cell therapy shows early efficacy and safety

News Events U.S. biotech company Fate announced the results of its induced erythnic stem cell (iPSC) transformation NK cell therapy FT516 at its on-the-go 2020 annual meeting.
four patients in this dose climbing trial met the criteria for efficacy assessment, resulting in two CASES, one PR, and one progression in FT516 and CD20 antibody Melohua.
no level 3 or more side effects were observed in terms of safety, including cytokine storms common to CAR-T cell therapy and GvHD to allogeneic cell therapy.
shares rose 40 percent after the news.
cell therapy, represented by CAR-T, is one of the frontiers of biopharmaceuticals.
although T-cell therapy has led to some patients with advanced tumors being pulled back from the ghost gate, there are also technical barriers.
CAR-T relies on surface-specific antigens in tumor cells, but such antigens are extremely rare.
is also a big problem, CRS can be controlled to a large extent, but the need for a very complete first aid facilities, difficult to popularize.
patients with advanced tumors who are unable to wait for the production of CAR-T, or who are unable to provide T-cells that can be used, also affect their use.
car-T is a solution, but slow progress and toxicity such as GvHD are one of the obstacles.
TCR can target new tumor antigens, including those produced in cells, which may be more specific, but antigen prediction techniques are not yet mature.
these therapies are generally complex and expensive to produce, and there are currently only sporadic success stories reported on solid tumors.
Fate's technique is to use NK cells from the natural immune system, in an experiment using the B-cell surface antigen CD20 antibody drug Merohua to enhance recognition.
mechanism of antibody killer cells is the ADC effect, in which antibody Fc fragments kill cells by binding to the NK cell CD16a subject and inducing enzymes in two disintegration cells.
Fate's NK cells do not come from the patient, but through iPSC.
Japanese scientist Yamano Yamano won the 2012 Nobel Prize in Medicine for discovering that somatic cells could turn into ergonome stem cells by introducing only four genes.
iPSC can differentiate into any cell, while FT516 can differentiate into NK cells.
therapy produces a similar antibody to MPC, with a single ingredient that can be produced in large quantities and at a lower cost.
because it is an allogeneic cell, patients do not delay medication because of preparation, which may be important for advanced patients.
NK cell replication is inefficient, the technique allows patients to be given multiple times.
FT516 has also modified the CD16a subject, one that is non-degradable so that NK becomes a permanent force, ready to go to war.
is to increase the strength of binding with Fc, similar to the HER2 antibody margetuximab.
safety is a restrictive technical problem of cell therapy, one is that allogeneic immune cells may attack the host as an enemy, and the other is that the tumor-killing immune response may lose control of the deadly CRS.
antibody-mediated T-cell therapy has long been developed, such as Unum's ATTCK platform, but clinical trials of serious safety events occur, but the efficacy is relatively mediocre, and now the company has changed its name to Cogent.
FT516 is not only quite effective, but the absence of these two known toxicity is a good start, and perhaps NK is a more controlled weapon of mass destruction than T cells.
of course, the number of people in this trial is small, the duration of the response is not known, if the tumor cells stop expressing CD20 this therapy is estimated to lose most of the martial arts.
patients in this trial used high doses of chemotherapy to reshape the immune system and used a certain amount of anti-tumor activity of cytokine IL-2 to strengthen FT516 proliferation, so the efficacy may not all come from this therapy.
addition, although there is a certain demand for blood tumors, but solid tumors need these high-sharp therapy, and this application also needs to be tested to verify.
but it's a pretty good start as a brand new therapy.
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