New treatment of depression at a glance!

In this paper, I have compiled several research reports to analyze the recent development of new therapies and clinical drugs for depression and share them with you! Photo source: picpedia.org [1] can people really use feces to treat depression in the future? Doi: 10.1186/s40168-019-0733-3 doi: 10.1038/s41564-018-0337-x imagine that in the future, humans can use feces to treat depression! Recently, in a research report published in the international journal microbiome, Professor Yao Honghong from Southeast University School of Medicine found that the change of intestinal flora in the body may lead to the occurrence of depression, and the transplantation of flora may significantly improve the depression like symptoms of patients Major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the most common mental disorders in the world, which is characterized by emotional dysfunction and heredity A disease caused by the joint action of factors and environmental factors; there have been many previous research theories to explain the pathological mechanism of MDD, but there is no clear explanation Now, more and more research evidences show that intestinal flora is a key environmental factor, which can reshape the brain of the body through the microbial flora gut brain axis Mice with intestinal flora changes often It shows depression related behaviors, and the composition of intestinal flora in patients with depression and animal models will also change The researchers found that transplanting the intestinal flora of MDD patients to sterile mice will cause depression behaviors, and transplanting the intestinal flora of patients with depression to receive antibiotics The therapeutic rats will also have depression behavior in vivo The relevant research results suggest that the change of intestinal flora composition or the important factors of depression At present, researchers do not know the molecular mechanism of intestinal flora affecting depression like behavior 【2】 Eating chocolate can treat depression? News reading: No, eating chocolate won't cure depression recently, a research report published in the international journal expression and anxiety attracted the media's attention The media reported that eating chocolate (especially dark chocolate) can help reduce the symptoms of depression Unfortunately, we can't use this kind of evidence to promote that eating chocolate can help prevent depression, a serious, common and debilitating mental health disease In this study, the researchers analyzed the association between diet and depression in the general population They did not evaluate the causal relationship In other words, this study is not to clarify whether eating dark chocolate can reduce the symptoms of depression in patients In this paper, the researchers conducted a survey on the United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Data from the survey) program were analyzed to show how common health, nutrition and other factors are in a representative population sample Participants reported what they had eaten in the past 24 hours in two ways: first, they used standard questionnaires to answer food investigator's questions, and second, they recalled through telephone interviews What you eat 【3】 JMIR: Internet therapy app can effectively alleviate depression doi: 10.2196/10113 in a comprehensive new study, psychologists from Indiana University found that a series of self guided, Internet-based treatment platforms effectively reduce depression The work reviewed 21 existing studies involving 4781 participants, published in the November issue of the Journal of medical Internet research The study was led by Lorenzo Lorenzo Luaces, clinical professor, Department of psychology and brain science, IU Bloomington School of art and science In the past few years, many Internet based applications and websites have claimed to be able to treat depression Subjects in the IU study, especially those who provided cognitive behavioral therapy, a psychotherapy focused on changing thinking patterns and behaviors to alleviate depression and other mental disorders Previous studies used a series of methods to examine the effectiveness of Internet-based personal cognitive behavioral therapy applications or ICBT However, prior to this study, there was no comment on whether the effectiveness of these treatments was overstated by excluding patients with more severe depression or other diseases such as anxiety or alcohol abuse 【4】 ELife: scientists have found a new way to treat depression doi: 10.7554/elife.33273 recently, researchers from TSRI found a new target to treat depression The study found that people with high gpr158 expression had a higher risk of depression under chronic stress Researchers say new drug targets need to be developed urgently for the treatment of depression, and the current drug therapy will take a month to be effective, and not for all patients "We need to know what's going on in the brain so we can develop more effective therapies," said Dr Cesare orlandi, senior research assistant from TSRI, CO lead author of the study The researchers found a significant increase in gpr158 expression in the brains of patients with depression, so they speculated that the protein played an important role in the development of the disease In order to better understand the function of gpr158, the scientists studied wild-type and gpr158 deletion mutant male mice and female mice respectively 【5】 Nat commun: a special compound in grape or promising to treat depression doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-02794-5 recently, an international journal Nature In the Research Report on communications, researchers from the Icahn Medical College in Sinai mountain found that a new grape derived compound: dihydrocaffeic acid (DHCA) and dimethylanthocyanin 3 '- O-glucoside (mal Gluc) could be used as a new treatment for depression, and the related research results showed that these natural compounds may be able to target new diseases There are potential mechanisms to slow down the progression of depression According to the data of CDC in the United States, there are about 16 million people suffering from depression every year in the United States Conventional pharmacological therapy can only alleviate the disease symptoms of less than 50% of patients, and often causes serious side effects Therefore, researchers urgently need to develop a new and extensive treatment Depression is directly related to many pathological processes, including inflammation of the peripheral immune system The peripheral immune system can protect the body against a variety of diseases and abnormalities involving synapses Synapses are a special structure that allows neurons to transmit electrical or chemical signals to other neurons Photo source: the conversation [6] new antidepressants! Navitor pharmaceuticals comments phase 1 clinical evaluation of nv-5138, a new mTORC1 activator in patients with treatment resistant depression Navitor pharmaceuticals is a leader in the development of mTORC1 targeted therapies designed to help patients live a long and healthy life Recently, the company announced the launch of the pilot candidate drug nv-5138 for treatment resistant depression (TRD) phase I study Part B Nv-5138 is a first-in-class small molecule with oral activity, which can activate mTORC1 directly and temporarily It is the "gatekeeper" of cell metabolism and renewal, that is, the main modulator, which is often inhibited in the brain of depression patients Nv-5138 binds and modulates sestrin, a newly discovered cell sensor protein of amino acid leucine, which is a powerful natural activator of mTORC1 Unlike many organ systems such as skeletal muscle, leucine is a weak activator of mTORC1 in the brain, because it is mainly used as a precursor of neurotransmitter and protein synthesis 【7】 New medicine for severe depression! Axs-05 (dextromethorphan / bupropion) has been awarded breakthrough drug qualification by the US FDA Therapeutics is a clinical stage biopharmaceutical company focusing on the development of innovative therapies for central nervous system (CNS) diseases Recently, the company announced that the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has awarded axs-05 a breakthrough drug qualification (BTD) for the treatment of severe depression (MDD) Axs-05 is a new type of oral NMDA receptor antagonist with multimodal activity, which is currently under clinical development for the treatment of MDD and other central nervous system (CNS) diseases Axs-05 is composed of dextromethorphan and bupropion, and adopts axsome's metabolic inhibition technology The dextromethorphan component of axs-05 is a noncompetitive N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptor antagonist, also known as glutamate receptor modulator, which is a new mechanism of action, which means that its effect is different from the currently available treatment of depression The dextromethorphan component of axs-05 is also a sigma-1 receptor agonist, nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist, serotonin and noradrenaline transporter inhibitor Axs-05 is a norepinephrine and dopamine reuptake inhibitor, nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist Axs-05 has more than 30 U.S and international patents until 2034 【8】 New medicine for severe depression! News of the first selective serotonin reverse agonist nuplazid adjuvant treatment near phase III clinical development Acadia is a biopharmaceutical company focused on the development and commercialization of innovative drugs to solve the unmet medical needs in central nervous system diseases (CNS) Recently, the company announced the launch of phase III clarity-2 research, and plans to launch phase III clarity-3 research in the next few months These studies will evaluate the efficacy and safety of nuplazid (pimavanserin) as an adjuvant therapy in the treatment of MDD patients with underresponsive severe depression (MDD) with standard antidepressants (a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor [SSRI] or a serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor [SNRI]) Nuplazid is a selective serotonin reverse agonist, preferentially targeting HT2A receptor, which may play a role in depression 【9】 New medicine for depression! Intra cellular therapeutics announcements positive top line results from a phase 3 trial of lumateprone in patients with bipolar depression intra cellular Therapies (ICT) is a biopharmaceutical company focusing on developing innovative therapies for central nervous system (CNS) diseases Recently, the company announced the evaluation of lumateprone (R & D Code: iti-007) as a single drug therapy for bipolar I or bipolar II related major depression