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The findings in mice, published today in the journal Nature, provide new information about how the immune system is regulated and have potential implications for treating viral infections that can lead to an excessive immune response
As much as two-thirds of the mammalian genome is obtained through transposons
The team sought to analyse the effect of transposons on the immune system, which Dr King said was "a good system to study because it is easily manipulated by well-defined stimuli
This particular transposable element is located near one of the most highly expressed genes following viral infection in the Schlafen gene family
The researchers found that mice lacking Lx9c11 had exaggerated immune responses, similar to those rarely experienced by flu patients and more commonly seen in severe COVID-19 patients
This is an important finding that illustrates how the immune system is tightly regulated; a person needs to have a strong immune response to infection, but this needs to be suppressed quickly after the pathogen has cleared the body to avoid the risk of continued tissue damage
"We think this will be a commonly observed phenomenon and we will understand how transposons like Lx9c11 control the expression of gene families across the genome," said Dr.
The retroelement Lx9 puts a brake on the immune response to virus infection