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Written | Edited by Xiaojing | Typesetting by Wang Duoyu | Shui Chengwen Tumor immunotherapy is an unprecedented method of using the body's own immune system to fight tumors
.
However, the highly immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment with limited infiltration of cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) and dendritic cells (DCs), coupled with the accumulation of various myeloid cell populations results in only a relatively limited (~20%) patient population can benefit from this treatment
.
Therefore, the remodeling of the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment is considered to be an important way to improve the efficiency of treatment
.
In recent years, microbial-based tumor immunotherapy has become a hot spot in tumor treatment in recent years
.
Over the past decade, various microorganisms including bacteria, oncolytic viruses and fungi have been reported to activate antitumor immunity
.
However, these methods still have certain limitations, such as the risk of infection with active microorganisms, and the therapeutic effect is still insufficient to effectively eliminate tumors
.
Therefore, it is of great significance to enhance the therapeutic efficiency of microbial-based tumor immunotherapy
.
On January 10, 2022, a team of Prof.
Wang Chao from the Institute of Functional Nano Soft Materials of Soochow University, Prof.
Chen Jingrun from the School of Mathematical Sciences of Soochow University, and Prof.
Chu Jianhong from the Institute of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation of Soochow University collaborated to publish a paper entitled: Yeast- Research paper on derivednanoparticles remodel the immunosuppressive microenvironment in tumor and tumor-draining lymph nodes to suppress tumor growth
.
The research team constructed a yeast cell wall-derived nanoformulation (YCW NPs) for tumor treatment.
Nano-sized yeast cell wall particles can be recognized and taken up by dendritic cells and effectively migrate to nearby tumor-draining lymph nodes, thereby improving tumor-draining lymph nodes and improving tumor drainage.
The inflammatory environment of the tumor, thereby reversing the immunosuppressive microenvironment, inhibits tumor growth
.
In addition, when used in combination with PD-L1 antibody, it shows a good synergistic anti-tumor effect in mouse melanoma and colorectal tumors, can induce tumor regression, inhibit the growth of metastatic tumors, and significantly prolong the survival of mice
.
Compared with other microbial immunotherapy, the yeast cell wall-derived nanoparticle has no reproductive activity, simple preparation, low cost, and good biosafety, so it has broad prospects for clinical transformation
.
The research team obtained yeast cell walls from yeast cells and prepared nanoparticles of different sizes to study the effects of yeast cell wall-derived nanoparticles of different sizes on bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs), macrophages and T cells
.
It was found that these nanoparticles can effectively activate BMDCs in a size-dependent manner, and small-sized yeast cell wall-derived nanoparticles can produce a large number of pro-inflammatory factors, such as TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-12p70, IL-6 , and induced increased expression levels of TLR2, p-Syk, p-P65, MyD88 and Dectin-1, etc.
The activation of BMDCs by nanoparticles is related to Dectin-1/Sky pathway and TLR2/MyD88 pathway, but they do not directly promote T cells activation and PD-1 expression on T cells
.
Next, we explored the effect of yeast cell wall-derived nanoparticles on the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), which showed that these nanoparticles significantly inhibited the growth of B16-luc tumors, among which, small-sized nanoparticles exhibited the greatest antitumor effect.
efficiency
.
In the small-sized nanoparticle-treated group, the total and proportion of tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells and CD4+ T cells were significantly increased, and an inflammatory tumor immunophenotype was eventually developed
.
In addition, these nanoparticles can effectively promote the maturation of dendritic cells (up to ~35%), which is beneficial to promote T cell initiation and recruitment
.
In conclusion, yeast cell wall-derived nanoparticles reverse the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment
.
Next, the research team evaluated the therapeutic effect of yeast cell wall-derived nanoparticles combined with PD-L1 inhibitors
.
Compared with monotherapy, combination therapy showed great synergy in systemic anti-tumor growth and metastasis, increased infiltration of CD8+ T cells and CD4+ T cells into tumors, and demonstrated robust anti-tumor immunity
.
Overall, the study developed a yeast cell wall-based nanoparticle for enhanced cancer immunotherapy
.
Among them, small-sized yeast cell wall-derived nanoparticles significantly inhibited tumor growth by remodeling the immunosuppressive microenvironment in tumors and tumor-draining lymphocytes
.
By combining with PD-L1 inhibitors, it shows a powerful anti-tumor immune effect
.
Compared with other microbial immunotherapy, the yeast cell wall-derived nanoparticle has no reproductive activity, simple preparation, low cost, and good biosafety, so it has broad prospects for clinical transformation
.
Xu Jialu, a doctoral student at Soochow University, is the first author of the paper.
Professor Wang Chao from the Institute of Functional Nano-Soft Materials of Soochow University, Professor Chen Jingrun from the School of Mathematical Sciences of Soochow University, and Professor Chu Jianhong from the Institute of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation of Soochow University are the co-corresponding authors of the paper
.
Paper link: https:// Open for reprinting, welcome to forward to Moments and WeChat groups
.
However, the highly immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment with limited infiltration of cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) and dendritic cells (DCs), coupled with the accumulation of various myeloid cell populations results in only a relatively limited (~20%) patient population can benefit from this treatment
.
Therefore, the remodeling of the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment is considered to be an important way to improve the efficiency of treatment
.
In recent years, microbial-based tumor immunotherapy has become a hot spot in tumor treatment in recent years
.
Over the past decade, various microorganisms including bacteria, oncolytic viruses and fungi have been reported to activate antitumor immunity
.
However, these methods still have certain limitations, such as the risk of infection with active microorganisms, and the therapeutic effect is still insufficient to effectively eliminate tumors
.
Therefore, it is of great significance to enhance the therapeutic efficiency of microbial-based tumor immunotherapy
.
On January 10, 2022, a team of Prof.
Wang Chao from the Institute of Functional Nano Soft Materials of Soochow University, Prof.
Chen Jingrun from the School of Mathematical Sciences of Soochow University, and Prof.
Chu Jianhong from the Institute of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation of Soochow University collaborated to publish a paper entitled: Yeast- Research paper on derivednanoparticles remodel the immunosuppressive microenvironment in tumor and tumor-draining lymph nodes to suppress tumor growth
.
The research team constructed a yeast cell wall-derived nanoformulation (YCW NPs) for tumor treatment.
Nano-sized yeast cell wall particles can be recognized and taken up by dendritic cells and effectively migrate to nearby tumor-draining lymph nodes, thereby improving tumor-draining lymph nodes and improving tumor drainage.
The inflammatory environment of the tumor, thereby reversing the immunosuppressive microenvironment, inhibits tumor growth
.
In addition, when used in combination with PD-L1 antibody, it shows a good synergistic anti-tumor effect in mouse melanoma and colorectal tumors, can induce tumor regression, inhibit the growth of metastatic tumors, and significantly prolong the survival of mice
.
Compared with other microbial immunotherapy, the yeast cell wall-derived nanoparticle has no reproductive activity, simple preparation, low cost, and good biosafety, so it has broad prospects for clinical transformation
.
The research team obtained yeast cell walls from yeast cells and prepared nanoparticles of different sizes to study the effects of yeast cell wall-derived nanoparticles of different sizes on bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs), macrophages and T cells
.
It was found that these nanoparticles can effectively activate BMDCs in a size-dependent manner, and small-sized yeast cell wall-derived nanoparticles can produce a large number of pro-inflammatory factors, such as TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-12p70, IL-6 , and induced increased expression levels of TLR2, p-Syk, p-P65, MyD88 and Dectin-1, etc.
The activation of BMDCs by nanoparticles is related to Dectin-1/Sky pathway and TLR2/MyD88 pathway, but they do not directly promote T cells activation and PD-1 expression on T cells
.
Next, we explored the effect of yeast cell wall-derived nanoparticles on the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), which showed that these nanoparticles significantly inhibited the growth of B16-luc tumors, among which, small-sized nanoparticles exhibited the greatest antitumor effect.
efficiency
.
In the small-sized nanoparticle-treated group, the total and proportion of tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells and CD4+ T cells were significantly increased, and an inflammatory tumor immunophenotype was eventually developed
.
In addition, these nanoparticles can effectively promote the maturation of dendritic cells (up to ~35%), which is beneficial to promote T cell initiation and recruitment
.
In conclusion, yeast cell wall-derived nanoparticles reverse the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment
.
Next, the research team evaluated the therapeutic effect of yeast cell wall-derived nanoparticles combined with PD-L1 inhibitors
.
Compared with monotherapy, combination therapy showed great synergy in systemic anti-tumor growth and metastasis, increased infiltration of CD8+ T cells and CD4+ T cells into tumors, and demonstrated robust anti-tumor immunity
.
Overall, the study developed a yeast cell wall-based nanoparticle for enhanced cancer immunotherapy
.
Among them, small-sized yeast cell wall-derived nanoparticles significantly inhibited tumor growth by remodeling the immunosuppressive microenvironment in tumors and tumor-draining lymphocytes
.
By combining with PD-L1 inhibitors, it shows a powerful anti-tumor immune effect
.
Compared with other microbial immunotherapy, the yeast cell wall-derived nanoparticle has no reproductive activity, simple preparation, low cost, and good biosafety, so it has broad prospects for clinical transformation
.
Xu Jialu, a doctoral student at Soochow University, is the first author of the paper.
Professor Wang Chao from the Institute of Functional Nano-Soft Materials of Soochow University, Professor Chen Jingrun from the School of Mathematical Sciences of Soochow University, and Professor Chu Jianhong from the Institute of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation of Soochow University are the co-corresponding authors of the paper
.
Paper link: https:// Open for reprinting, welcome to forward to Moments and WeChat groups
