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iNature
During or after cerebral ischemia, therapeutic hypothermia of 32-34 ° C has a protective effecton nerves.
However, hypothermia triggered by peripheral cold sensors is ineffective and causes intense tremors and fever-producing and intolerable complications
in awake patients.
On November 12, 2022, Professor Hou Shengtao's research group from the Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, published an online report entitled "Hypothermia evoked by stimulation of medial preoptic nucleus protects the brain in a mouse" online on Nature Communications model of ischaemia", which deeply analyzes the physiological characterization of hypothalamic warm-sensitive neurons inducing somatic hypothermia, and uses deep brain stimulation technology to activate temperature-sensitive neurons in the medial preoptic nucleus (MPN) of the hypothalamus, thereby inducing hypothermia in mice, and using this technology to effectively protect brain nerve function after stroke; It is predicted that this technology will develop into an effective clinical means
to protect the brain and treat such as brain trauma and ischemic nerve injury.
Stroke is the number one cerebrovascular disease in China with high incidence, high disability rate and high mortality, and the relevant treatment methods are very limited
.
Cerebrovascular disease has become a major burden
of medical and social economy in China.
Over the past 30 years, scientists have discovered that hypothermia has a significant neuroprotective effect
on stroke.
However, as an existing low-temperature induction method, body surface cooling not only has low cooling efficiency, but also causes extreme discomfort in the human body, such as inducing a series of side reactions such as tremor and damage to organs; These have greatly limited the clinical application of hypothermia therapy, and it is urgent to develop ways
to better induce hypothermia protection.
Hou Shengtao's team and Associate Professor Song Kun's research group, using mouse cerebral ischemia-reperfusion as an animal model, using chemogenetic methods, confirmed that the hypothalamic preoptic region contains a thermoregulatory center, in which temperature-sensitive neurons are like indoor temperature regulators, which can reduce the body core temperature and achieve hypothermia
by activating the body's heat dissipation and cooling mechanism.
This phenomenon plays an important role
in the hibernation of many thermostatic animals, such as wild rodents and bears.
When thermostatic animals are ready to hibernate, they will reduce the core body temperature of the body by activating temperature-sensitive neurons, and physiological characteristics
such as decreased metabolic rate appear.
When there is a shortage of food, mice will enter a daily state of low metabolism - sleep, which is maintained for about a few hours at a time to reduce their own energy expenditure
.
However, during hibernation and stinging, the animal body will maintain other physiological indicators in the normal range, so there will be no side effects
such as tremor and visceral damage caused by hypothermia.
The research group cleverly uses this phenomenon of subhypothermia regulation of sleep in nature to carry out research
on the neuroprotective effect of stroke injury.
For the first time, the team members successfully used deep brain stimulation to stimulate the MPN region enriched by warm neurons bilaterally, and found that the core body temperature of mice could be rapidly reduced to a hypothermic state (32-34 degrees Celsius) using a specific combination of stimulation parameters.
In terms of metabolic rate, mice also showed low metabolic characteristics
such as oxygen uptake, heat production and respiratory exchange rate.
These results demonstrate that deep brain stimulation technology can effectively induce hypothermia-like physiognosis in mice
.
Subsequently, the team performed deep brain stimulation on mice 1-4 hours after stroke, and found that after 1-3 days, deep brain stimulation-induced hypothermia could significantly reduce brain damage and effectively improve the neurological injury behavioral score and motor ability
of stroke mice.
The researchers further demonstrated through a series of chemogenetics, immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, brain slice electrophysiology and calcium imaging techniques that deep brain stimulation induces hibernation-like hypothermia in mice by activating the molecular and cellular mechanisms of temperature-sensitive neurons in the MPN region
.
DBS-induced expression of WSN markers (from Nature Communications) This study provides a new perspective
for further solving the technical bottlenecks of human clinical brain protection and post-injury treatment.
Zhang Shuai, research assistant professor of Hou Shengtao's team, and Zhang Xinpei, a 2020 master's student of SUSTech, are the co-first authors of the paper, Hou Shengtao and Song Kun are the co-corresponding authors of the paper, and SUSTech is the only corresponding
author of the paper.
Academician Wang Yizheng of Huashan Hospital affiliated to Fudan University is an important collaborator
.
Hou Shengtao team members Zhong Haolin, Li Xuanyi, Ju Jun, Liu Bo, Zhang Zhenyu, Yan Hai and Song Kun research group member Wu Yujie participated in the research work, and this research was supported
by the Laboratory Animal Center of SUSTech, the Laboratory Animal Center of Peking University Advanced Research Institute, the National Natural Science Foundation of China, Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Commission, Shenzhen Shenzhen-Hong Kong Brain Institute, SUSTech-University of Queensland Joint Center for Neuroscience and Neural Engineering, Guangdong Cerebrovascular Disease Clinical Medical Transformation Platform, etc.
Article link: https://doi.
org/10.
1038/s41467-022-34735-2
—END—
The content is [iNature]
