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Click on the blue word to follow us one porridge and one meal, when thinking is hard to come by; half thread and half thread, constant thoughts and material resources are difficult.
Old Yuan, go all the way! Yuan Lao gave us enough food, and the brain controls how to consume these foods.
There are two types of diet-related neurons in the hypothalamus of the brain: Agouti-related peptide (AgRP) neurons induce starvation, which activates these neurons to promote eating in a short time, and the other type is the inhibition of ingestion of pro-amelanocortin (POMC).
Neurons stop eating when they are full.
In addition, thirst neurons exist in the brain at the same time: neurons expressing nitric oxide synthase 1 in the subfornix organ.
Decide whether diet and drinking water are fundamental to survival based on your physical needs, but sometimes the body’s perception system may deceive you and make you make the wrong decision to drink water when you are hungry.
This is due to the similarity of motivations for hunger and thirst.
.
The main research interest of the Scott M.
Sternson Laboratory of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute is to figure out how physiological needs set the "basic rules" for behavior, and how the brain controls appetite and drinking behavior.
In August 2020, his research team published an article in the Cell magazine and found that there is a nucleus periLC that can simultaneously regulate thirst and hunger neurons.
Both hunger and thirst cause the response of glutamate neurons in this brain area.
For details, please click on the link: [Cell] Food with milk tea.
Scientists have found the neural mechanism of this way of eating and drinking, or a trick to lose weight.
On May 11, 2021, Scott M.
Sternson published an article in Nature Neuroscience that reveals the physiology of hunger or thirst.
Under conditions of uncertain demand, the body relies on the prefrontal cortex to make correct decisions.As a result of the behavioral experiment of two-alternative forced choice task, thirst inhibits food consumption, while foods with low water content and related food cues are "disliked" in the thirst behavior, and these foods are avoided.
In order to eliminate this effect, the researchers used foods with high water content (hydrated foods) to conduct behavioral studies of the two-alternative forced choice task, so that the preference for water in the thirsty state and the food in the hungry state can be achieved.
Preference.
Although previous studies have shown that the mPFC brain area plays a key role in the goal-motivated decision-making behavior, there is little evidence that this brain area is directly involved in eating and drinking behaviors.
Researchers used in-vivo electrophysiological technology to dynamically record the firing activity of mPFC neurons in the process of consuming hydrated food or water under the state of hunger or thirst, and found that the neurons in this brain area have a positive effect on hydrated food and water in the state of hunger or thirst.
There is no difference in the proportion of neurons that respond to water at the overall level.
However, this brain area is highly specific to the choice of hydrated food and water, that is, in the hungry state, it responds quickly to food-related neurons, while drinking-related neurons hardly respond; while in the thirsty state, it responds to water.
Related neurons respond quickly, while food-related neurons hardly respond.
These results indicate that mPFC neurons can specifically distinguish between food and water in the state of hunger or thirst, and that this response is more in line with real physiological needs.
In the state of persistent hunger or thirst, photo-inhibition of mPFC neurons does not affect the index of food or water preference, the average reaction time and other indicators of the mice.
Having been hungry for so long or thirsty for so long, the physical need to be hungry or thirsty is stronger, and the brain may not need to make a decision at this time.
Inhibition of mPFC neurons affects mice to make correct decisions.
However, after a period of continuous exchange of hunger or thirst, the mice need to decide whether to drink or eat according to actual needs.
In light of inhibiting mPFC neurons Able to influence mice to make correct decisions.Changes in hunger and thirst status lead to improper choices of needs, such as looking for food when thirsty.
This article uses cleverly designed behavioral experiments to simulate the physiological needs that are closer to the real, combined with in vivo electrophysiological technology and optogenetic technology to reveal the relationship between the mPFC brain area as a key brain area to evaluate actions and results when the demand state is uncertain.
So as to provide a basis for decision-making.
[References] 1.
https://doi.
org/10.
1038/s41593-021-00850-4, the pictures in the text are all from the references
Old Yuan, go all the way! Yuan Lao gave us enough food, and the brain controls how to consume these foods.
There are two types of diet-related neurons in the hypothalamus of the brain: Agouti-related peptide (AgRP) neurons induce starvation, which activates these neurons to promote eating in a short time, and the other type is the inhibition of ingestion of pro-amelanocortin (POMC).
Neurons stop eating when they are full.
In addition, thirst neurons exist in the brain at the same time: neurons expressing nitric oxide synthase 1 in the subfornix organ.
Decide whether diet and drinking water are fundamental to survival based on your physical needs, but sometimes the body’s perception system may deceive you and make you make the wrong decision to drink water when you are hungry.
This is due to the similarity of motivations for hunger and thirst.
.
The main research interest of the Scott M.
Sternson Laboratory of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute is to figure out how physiological needs set the "basic rules" for behavior, and how the brain controls appetite and drinking behavior.
In August 2020, his research team published an article in the Cell magazine and found that there is a nucleus periLC that can simultaneously regulate thirst and hunger neurons.
Both hunger and thirst cause the response of glutamate neurons in this brain area.
For details, please click on the link: [Cell] Food with milk tea.
Scientists have found the neural mechanism of this way of eating and drinking, or a trick to lose weight.
On May 11, 2021, Scott M.
Sternson published an article in Nature Neuroscience that reveals the physiology of hunger or thirst.
Under conditions of uncertain demand, the body relies on the prefrontal cortex to make correct decisions.As a result of the behavioral experiment of two-alternative forced choice task, thirst inhibits food consumption, while foods with low water content and related food cues are "disliked" in the thirst behavior, and these foods are avoided.
In order to eliminate this effect, the researchers used foods with high water content (hydrated foods) to conduct behavioral studies of the two-alternative forced choice task, so that the preference for water in the thirsty state and the food in the hungry state can be achieved.
Preference.
Although previous studies have shown that the mPFC brain area plays a key role in the goal-motivated decision-making behavior, there is little evidence that this brain area is directly involved in eating and drinking behaviors.
Researchers used in-vivo electrophysiological technology to dynamically record the firing activity of mPFC neurons in the process of consuming hydrated food or water under the state of hunger or thirst, and found that the neurons in this brain area have a positive effect on hydrated food and water in the state of hunger or thirst.
There is no difference in the proportion of neurons that respond to water at the overall level.
However, this brain area is highly specific to the choice of hydrated food and water, that is, in the hungry state, it responds quickly to food-related neurons, while drinking-related neurons hardly respond; while in the thirsty state, it responds to water.
Related neurons respond quickly, while food-related neurons hardly respond.
These results indicate that mPFC neurons can specifically distinguish between food and water in the state of hunger or thirst, and that this response is more in line with real physiological needs.
In the state of persistent hunger or thirst, photo-inhibition of mPFC neurons does not affect the index of food or water preference, the average reaction time and other indicators of the mice.
Having been hungry for so long or thirsty for so long, the physical need to be hungry or thirsty is stronger, and the brain may not need to make a decision at this time.
Inhibition of mPFC neurons affects mice to make correct decisions.
However, after a period of continuous exchange of hunger or thirst, the mice need to decide whether to drink or eat according to actual needs.
In light of inhibiting mPFC neurons Able to influence mice to make correct decisions.Changes in hunger and thirst status lead to improper choices of needs, such as looking for food when thirsty.
This article uses cleverly designed behavioral experiments to simulate the physiological needs that are closer to the real, combined with in vivo electrophysiological technology and optogenetic technology to reveal the relationship between the mPFC brain area as a key brain area to evaluate actions and results when the demand state is uncertain.
So as to provide a basis for decision-making.
[References] 1.
https://doi.
org/10.
1038/s41593-021-00850-4, the pictures in the text are all from the references
