Nature magazine selected 10 scientific figures: 31-year-old Chinese scientists were selected

New crown predictor: Cao Yunlong, associate researcher of Peking University Biomedical Frontier Innovation Center and leading scientist of Beijing Changping Laboratory

Cao Yunlong originally devoted himself to the research of single-cell genomics, but at the end of 2019, when he returned to China after graduating from Harvard University with a doctorate, he turned to virus research
because of the arrival of the new crown epidemic.
For three years, he has explored the immune response to the new coronavirus, and also studied related antibody drugs and vaccines
.
In 2020, during the new crown virus epidemic, Cao Yunlong and his team discovered DXP-593 and DXP-604, two antibodies with non-overlapping epitopes, and synthesized them in vitro as "antibody cocktail therapy"
.

This year, Cao Yunlong constructed some fake viruses based on the self-constructed virus mutation prediction model, and accurately predicted the future evolutionary trend
of BA.
2.
75 and BA.
5.
In October this year, the BQ.
1.
1 strain was detected in Nigeria and began a pandemic, and a month later, the CH.
1.
1 variant (currently the main circulating strain in Hong Kong) was also discovered, and these two strains, as early as July this year, have appeared in Cao Yunlong's prediction list, which is highly consistent
with the sequence of the pseudovirus he constructed.
Nature magazine named Cao Yunlong one of the top ten people of the year, praising his work for keeping us up with the evolution of viruses
.

Monkeypox alert man: Dimie Ogoina, professor of medicine and infectious diseases at the University of the Delta in Niger, Nigeria

For the past few years, Dimie Ogoina has tried to warn health officials that the monkeypox virus has changed, but few have heeded
.
In 2017, an 11-year-old boy came to Ogoina's clinic, perhaps the most important patient of his career — an infection that would eventually be linked to
the largest monkeypox outbreak in history.

From 1 January 2022 to 5 p.
m.
on 22 July 2022, a total of 16,016 monkeypox cases and 5 deaths were confirmed in laboratories around the world (3 in Nigeria and 2 in 2 cases).

Cases
have been reported in 75 countries in 6 WHO regions.

Lisa McCorkell, one of the co-founders of the PatientLed Research Collaborative, a long-term sequelae of the new coronavirus

McCorkell, a graduate student studying how to respond to social policy challenges, started out as a non-health care student and first contracted the coronavirus in 2020, after which she developed "long-term sequelae.
"
While suffering from the disease, she and four patients with "long crown" formed a patient-led research organization, which collected information and released more than 200 landmark symptoms, calling on the scientific community to pay attention to the disease
.
McCorkell, who drives pivotal research at Long Crown, says "Our goal is for patients to decide what to focus on and where funding goes.
"

Organ transplant trailblazer: Muhammad Mohiuddin, director of the xenotransplant program at the University of Maryland

The U.
S.
Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the procedure
on December 31 last year.
A team of surgeons at the University of Maryland School of Medicine spent eight hours on January 7 successfully transplanting the first gene-edited pig heart into a human
.

The transplanted pig heart came from Revivicor
, a medical company in Virginia.
The company made 10 gene edits to pigs that supplied hearts, 3 genes that may cause strong rejection by the human immune system and 1 gene that will allow pig hearts to continue to grow were eliminated or inactivated, and 6 genes
were implanted to make pig hearts better adapted to the human immune system.
The researchers also used a newly developed experimental drug to suppress the immune system and prevent rejection, and a new perfusion device to preserve pig hearts
.
Although the patient died on March 8 and there was no rejection for several weeks after surgery, the transplanted pig heart performed well
.
Researchers at the University of Maryland in the United States found that the pig heart carried animal viruses, but it was not possible to determine whether the virus was related
to the cause of death.

Mohiuddin is open to more emergency xenotransplants and hopes to start larger clinical trials, but it's unclear when that will happen
.
In June, the FDA held a meeting with scientists and companies to outline their concerns
about xenotransplantation.
The main concerns are patient safety, especially the possibility of
infection with the swine virus.
But Mohiuddin's experiments, and several recent studies in which pig hearts and kidneys were transplanted into brain-dead patients without being rejected, give researchers hope
.
Mohiuddin said: "I never thought this would happen
in my lifetime.
”

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