Nature: it is the first time to reveal the molecular mechanism of intestinal health affecting brain health

November 4, 2019 / BIOON / -- recently, in a research report published in the international journal Nature, scientists from will Cornell Medical College and other institutions revealed for the first time the new cellular and molecular processes behind the communication between intestinal microorganisms and brain cells through research; in the past 20 years, scientists have observed the autoimmunity through research There is a close relationship between cell diseases and many kinds of mental diseases For example, patients with autoimmune diseases (such as inflammatory bowel disease, psoriasis, multiple sclerosis, etc.) often suffer from the loss or failure of intestinal flora, and they also experience anxiety, depression, emotional disorders and other diseases, the genetic risk of autoimmune diseases and the genetic risk of mental disorders There seems to be a close correlation between the risks, but at present, researchers do not know the molecular mechanism of intestinal health affecting brain health Photo source: Dr Christopher Parkhurst and David artis (WCM), researcher David Dr artis said that in this study, we have revealed the molecular mechanism of the interaction between the gut and brain at the molecular level At present, no one can clearly understand the molecular mechanism of inflammatory bowel disease and other chronic gastrointestinal diseases affecting the behavior and mental health of the body In this study, we want to conduct in-depth study The researchers used a mouse model to study changes in brain cells after intestinal flora was removed; when the researchers used antibiotics When the treatment can reduce the level of intestinal microflora in mice (or be bred as sterile mice), the learning ability of mice is significantly reduced In order to understand the causal relationship, researchers sequenced the microglia in mouse brain The results showed that the changes of gene expression in these cells may play a role in remodeling the connections between cells in the learning process of brain These changes were not found in the microglia of the brain of healthy mice Researcher Conor According to Dr Liston, changes in gene expression in microglia can interfere with the pruning of synapses, thus interfering with the normal formation of new connections between brain cells in the learning process After in-depth study of chemical changes in the brains of sterile mice, researchers found that there are many kinds of metabolism related to human neuropsychiatric disorders (such as schizophrenia and autism) The concentration of the products has decreased; the chemical properties of the brain can essentially determine how we perceive and respond to the environment, and there is research evidence that the chemicals from the intestinal flora may also play a key role in it In the next step, the researchers will restore the intestinal flora of mice at different stages after birth to reverse their learning problems The researchers are very surprised to be able to restore the learning defects of sterile mice, but if they are only interfered properly after birth, the signals of the intestinal flora may be needed early in life, which seems to be very interesting because of the relationship with autoimmune diseases A variety of mental disorders associated with the disease are also associated with early brain development problems According to researcher artis, the gut brain axis affects everyone's daily life and health Now we have further elucidated the molecular mechanisms by which gut flora affects a variety of human diseases, such as autism, Parkinson's disease, post-traumatic stress syndrome and depression In the future, researchers will continue to study and identify potential targets for the development of new therapies for human diseases Original source: Coco Chu, Mitchell h Murdock, Deqing Jing, et al The microbiology regular neural function and near extension learning, nature (2019) Doi: 10.1038/s41586-019-1644-y