Nature: Heavy! The intestinal bacterios may worsen the symptoms of the disease in patients with multiple sclerosis!

10, 2020 // -- In a recent study published in the international journal Nature, scientists from the Japan Institute of Science and Chemistry and others found that special microbial combinations in the gut may accelerate the deterioration of symptoms of multiple sclerosis mouse model disease, and researchers say these two specific intestinal bacteriocytes may enhance the activity and ability of immune cells to attack the patient's own brain and spinal cord.
photo Source: Unsplash/CC0 Public Domain Multiple Sclerosis is an autoimmune disease in which the patient's own immune system attacks myelin and bone marrow that cover the surface of nerve cells in the brain, and the effects of myelination affect neurons' communication with each other and muscles The speed of communication can trigger a range of disease symptoms, including numbness, muscle weakness, tremors and inability to walk; the researchers note that gut microbes are reported to affect a variety of disease symptoms in patients with multiple sclerosis, but how the intestinal cytostyle affects myelin and bone marrow in nerve cells in the brain remains a mystery. In this
study, researchers revealed a mysterious link between the use of models of mice with multiple sclerosis, which experience similar effects of myelin degeneration, which is caused by autoimmune attacks mediated by T-cells that produce cytokine IL-17A, but which, however, the treatment given to these mice with the antibiotic ampicillin may reduce the effects of myelin loss, which also inhibits the activation of specific types of T cells.
'We found that using only ampicillin for treatment or selectively reducing the activity of T-cells attacking myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) helps myelin phospholipids adhere to neuron cells,' the researchers explained.
The researchers then confirmed this conclusion by studying immune cells from the small intestine and other regions of the body and measuring the ability of immune cells to produce cytokines in the presence of MOG, which was reduced by ampicillin only if the T cells came from the small intestine. G production, so the researchers wanted to know if there was a specific bacterium in the small intestine that activates MOG-specific T cells (which attack myelin), and the next step would be to dig deeper to find the fungus behind the scenes (the gut bacterium responsible).
Because only ampicillin reduced the symptoms of the mouse model, the researchers wanted to look for intestinal bacterios in mice treated with ampicillin alone that were almost completely eliminated, and eventually found a new strain called OTU002, which was the culprit. A study of mouse models with only OTU002 strains found that the symptoms of disease in mice carrying only OTU002 strains were more severe than in sterile mice, so the newly discovered intestinal bacterios (OTU002) may be the culprit in the worsening of symptoms of the disease.
researcher Eiji Miyauchi said, but there is still a problem that the symptoms of disease in mice containing only the OTU002 strain may not be as severe as in conventional mouse models, meaning that the initial effects must be designed with more than one intestinal bacterium;
the researchers then sequenced the genome of the bird gun, which showed that a particular protein expressed by Lactobacillus reuteri, similar to an area of MOG, could, when tested, weakly activate the function of MOG-specific T cells, compared to carrying only OTU In the case of mice with 002, the symptoms of the disease in mice co-existing with the strain OTU002 were more severe than in the former, and were as severe as in the original mouse model, suggesting that when the two bacteria worked together, the consequences for the host were often devastating. In other studies, researchers have also focused on fecal or monobial microorganisms in patients with multiple sclerosis or mouse model bodies, and the findings highlight the importance and necessity of considering the synergies between gut microbiomes for autoimmune diseases, and the findings provide clues to help scientists find more effective targeted treatments for multiple sclerosis, said Miyauchi, a researcher at
.
Because the binding points of the gut bacterus and T cells on myelin are different in humans and mice, later researchers need to further study human microorganisms and reactive T cells.
() Original source: Miyauchi, E., Kim, S., Suda, W. et al. Gut microorganisms act together to enroll in spinal cords. Nature 585, 102-106 (2020). doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2634-9.