Natno Biotechl: New technology may be able to successfully differentiate stem cells into pancreatic beta cells, promising to develop cell replacement therapies for diabetes.

19, 2020 // The absence of beta cells that secrete insulin caused by autoimmune injury can lead to type 1 diabetes, clinically islet cell transplantation or potential lying for diabetes, but the pancreas of the donor is very rare; In a study published in the international journal Nature Biotechnology, scientists from the German Centre for Environmental Health Research and others have developed an improved pluripotent stem cell differentiation technique that produces cells in vitro with good glucose reactions and insulin secretion, an important step towards cell replacement therapyPhoto Credit: © Helmholtz Zentrum Human Pluripotent Stem Cells (human embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells) can differentiate into any cell type with self-renewal capability, so pluripotent stem cells are the best source for producing specific cell types for cell replacement therapy For example, the production of beta cells used in diabetic patients, however, due to the existence of more differentiation procedures, the current in vitro beta cell differentiation process is more complex, this process requires almost 20 signal ingles and small molecules to regulate cell growth and differentiation, and can last more than four weeksIn this multi-step process, not all cells can differentiate into targeted cells, which use the wrong differentiation pathway, which leads to the production of highly heterogeneous groups of beta cells that do not have complete cell function, so researchers want to improve the quality of stem cell-derived beta cells through researchThe researchers then developed a method that enriches stem cell culture using highly specific pancreatic progenitor cells, which can promote more targeted differentiation of stem cells into beta cells; The researchers identified a monoclonal antibody called CD177, which can label the inner embryo subgroup, which can effectively and evenly differentiate into specific pancreatic progenitor cells, and CD177 can act as a quality controller, helping them to observe early on whether the cells will be on a competing differentiation track, saving a lot of time, energy, and moneyThe use of CD177 in the endosperm stage to enrich stem cell culture seground or to increase the production of specific pancreatic progenitor cells will eventually lead to more mature and effective response to glucose beta cells, while also improving the body's insulin secretion patterns; Contains beta cells, as well as residual pancreatic protocellular cells or other cell types from different cell lineages, and purification through CD177 not only improves the heterogeneity and quality of the resulting beta cells, but also increases their clinical safety, which is a key step towards the conversion of beta cell replacement therapy derived from stem cell derived from type 1 diabetes patientsIn addition, because beta cells produced on CD177 are similar to beta cells in the human body, CD177 steps may help build a disease model system that simulates the human pancreas, a new type of differentiation step that could help researchers produce functional beta cells for drug screening and the development of new therapiesOriginal origins: Mahaddalkar, P.U., Scheibner, K., Pfluger, Set alGeneration of the campc beta cells from CD177 plus anterior endrmodeNatno Biotechl (2020)doi: 10.1038/s41587-020-0492-5.