National defense chief: this year, mountain torrents and typhoons are frequent, with severe drought in the South and the North

Introduction: the national flood control office announced the situation of flood control and drought relief in 2005 On October 8, 2005, during the flood season of 2005, China's Pearl River Basin, Fujian Minjiang River, Huaihe River main stream, Liaohe River Basin Hunhe River, Taizi River and other rivers suffered major floods and floods, among which, the middle and lower reaches of the Xijiang River in the Pearl River Basin suffered major floods once in more than 100 years There are serious autumn floods in Hanjiang, a tributary of the Yangtze River, and Weihe, a tributary of the Yellow River Serious mountain torrents, mudslides and landslides have occurred in Hunan, Heilongjiang and other provinces At the same time, severe spring drought occurred in Hainan, Yunnan and Guangxi, and severe summer drought occurred in Inner Mongolia, Ningxia and Hunan So far, eight typhoons or tropical storms have landed in the southeast and South China coasts this year, causing serious losses to Fujian, Zhejiang, Hainan, Anhui and other provinces Under the correct leadership of the Party Central Committee and the State Council, the State General Prevention and Control Bureau carefully organized and scientifically dispatched, the relevant ministries and commissions of the State Council and the local Party committees and governments at all levels urgently mobilized and closely cooperated with each other, and the army and the people united and fought tenaciously to win the overall victory of this year's flood control and drought relief work I flood, drought and disaster (I) flood season in 2005, the cold air activities in the north of China are relatively frequent, the heating power in the south is relatively strong, and the precipitation in the whole country is relatively abundant The rainfall in most areas is more than that in the whole year The Huaihe River, Hanjiang River Basin, eastern Guangdong, Southern Fujian, Jilin, Xinjiang, central and western Qinghai are more than 30-1 times, but the northern Ningxia, Inner Mongolia and northern Heilongjiang are less than 30-6% Affected by rainfall, in late June, there was a major flood in the Pearl River Basin, in which the main stream of the Xijiang River had a major flood of more than 100 years This year, there have been four floods in the main stream of the Huaihe River In the middle of July, there was a 20-year flood in Hongru River, a tributary of the Huaihe River In the middle reaches of the main stream of the Huaihe River, there was a flood exceeding the guaranteed water level In the middle of August, the Hun River and Taizi River in Liaohe River Basin were flooded From late September to early October, the maximum flood occurred in Weihe River, a tributary of the Yellow River, since 1981 (the flood frequency is close to 10-year return period); the maximum flood occurred in Hanjiang River, a tributary of the Yangtze River, since 1983 (the flood frequency is more than 10-year return period) As of October 8, there were 19 typhoons or tropical storms in the Northwest Pacific Ocean this year, 8 of which landed in Fujian, Zhejiang, Guangdong, Hainan and other provinces, causing serious floods in some areas Part of the short-term, high-intensity rainfall, resulting in Hunan, Heilongjiang, Guizhou, Fujian, Zhejiang and other provinces in some areas of the more serious mountain torrents, landslides and debris flow disasters This year's flood situation has four obvious characteristics: first, it comes early In the middle and last ten days of February, the Xiangjiang River in Hunan Province and Minjiang River in Fujian Province were flooded beyond the warning level, among which the Xiangjiang River, Zishui River, Dongting Lake and the main control stations of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River had the highest water level in the same period in history; the second was the flood with large magnitude Since the middle of June, the Pearl River Basin, especially the middle and lower reaches of the Xijiang River, has been experiencing heavy rainfall, and the floods in the main and tributaries have skyrocketed In the first ten days of July, the state River, a tributary of the Qujiang River in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, experienced a major flood once in more than 50 years The situation of flood control was very tense Third, the frequency of mountain floods In Heilongjiang, Hunan, Zhejiang, Fujian, Anhui, Yunnan and other provinces, 47 mountain torrents caused casualties, significantly more than the year-round Among them, there were 1 case of mountain flood with more than 100 deaths, 4 cases of 50-100 deaths and 12 cases of more than 10 deaths Fourth, typhoon is very harmful Although the number of tropical cyclones landing in China this year is slightly more than that of the year, its intensity and influence range are obviously heavier than that of the year For many years, the average number of tropical cyclones landing on the mainland of China is 6.15, of which 2.15 are typhoons, 2.5 are strong tropical storms and 1.5 are tropical storms This year, 6 typhoons and 2 strong tropical storms landed in China, causing a total of 72.27 million people to be affected 221 people died and 52 people were missing The affected area of crops is 4745000 hectares (71.18 million mu), with a direct economic loss of 68.2 billion yuan The tropical cyclones landing on the mainland of China are No.5 typhoon Haitang (landing in Lianjiang, Fujian), No.8 strong tropical storm Tianying (landing in Qionghai, Hainan), No.9 typhoon Maisha (landing in Yuhuan, Zhejiang), No.10 strong tropical storm coral (landing in Shantou, Guangdong), No.13 typhoon Taili (landing in Putian, Fujian), No.15 typhoon Kanu (landing in Taizhou, Zhejiang) Lu), No 18 typhoon "Dawei" (landing in Wanning, Hainan) and No 19 typhoon "Longwang" (landing in Jinjiang, Fujian) After the No.9 typhoon "Maisha" landed in Ganjiang Town, Yuhuan County, Zhejiang Province, it successively affected Zhejiang, Fujian, Shanghai, Jiangsu, Anhui, Shandong, Hebei, Tianjin, Beijing, Liaoning and other provinces, and Liaoning and other provinces suffered serious flood disasters After No.13 typhoon Taili landed in Pinghai Town, Putian, Fujian, it successively affected Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Anhui, Hubei and other provinces, and the Huaihe River Basin, Taihu Lake Basin, the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River as well as Zhejiang, Fujian and other places suffered more serious flood disasters After Typhoon No 18 landed in Wanning, Hainan Province, it crossed the central part of Hainan Province, causing the power system of Hainan Province to be paralyzed for a time, causing a large-scale power outage and a direct economic loss of 9.1 billion yuan (2) as of October 8, 31 provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the central government) and Xinjiang production and Construction Corps have suffered from different degrees of flood disasters In China, the affected area of crop floods is 16171 thousand hectares (242.56 million mu), the disaster area is 8294 thousand hectares (124.41 million mu), the affected population is 210.66 million, 1292 people are dead, 332 people are missing, 1.22 million houses are collapsed, and the direct economic loss is 155.8 billion yuan Of the 1292 people who died from flood disaster, 221 died from typhoon disaster (including 132 people died of mountain flood, landslide and debris flow caused by typhoon), and 1085 died from mountain flood, landslide and debris flow disaster Zhejiang, Fujian, Hainan, Guangxi, Sichuan, Anhui, Jiangxi, Liaoning and other provinces (autonomous regions) were severely affected This year's flood disaster shows the characteristics of "three more and less": compared with the year-round situation, this year's flood disaster area is large, the affected population is large, the direct economic loss is large, and the number of deaths due to the disaster is small However, the proportion of deaths caused by typhoon, mountain flood, landslide and debris flow increased (3) there are three obvious characteristics of drought and drought in China this year: first, the "two South and one north" drought is serious The drought is more severe in the southwest, South China and the east of Northwest China When the spring drought is the most serious in Hainan, Yunnan, Ningxia and other provinces, the drought area of cultivated land is more than 50% of that of the whole province, and more than one million people have difficulty drinking water In most areas of Shanxi Province, continuous drought occurred in spring and summer The drought area once reached 25.48 million mu, accounting for 68% of the crop area of the province There are 7 cities in Inner Mongolia that suffer from continuous drought in spring and summer The drought area of grassland once reached 420000 square kilometers, accounting for 60% of the available grassland area in the central and western regions Second, it is difficult for people and animals to drink water At one time, there were more than 8.2 million people and 7.3 million large livestock in China who had difficulty drinking water temporarily due to drought When the drought was the most serious, there were more than one million people in Hainan who had difficulty drinking water, more than 10% of the total population of the province; 7.05 million people and 3.9 million large livestock in Yunnan had difficulty drinking water, and Kunming was once forced to take seriously excessive Dianchi Lake water to supplement urban water supply; 1.65 million people and 360000 large livestock in Shanxi had difficulty drinking water due to drought; 860000 people and 2.6 million large livestock in the middle and west of Inner Mongolia had temporary problems It is difficult to drink water; 450000 people and 300000 large livestock in Ningxia have serious difficulties in drinking water Third, the situation of drought resistance in winter and spring is severe Although the rainfall in the flood season of this year is relatively uniform in the whole country, the situation of insufficient water storage of water conservancy projects in some areas has not been improved due to the long duration of drought in the early stage and the lack of water coming from rivers 148 of the 454 reservoirs in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region dried up; 12 medium-sized reservoirs and 378 small reservoirs in Shanxi Province dried up to the bottom, which brought adverse factors to the drought resistance of this winter and next spring Thanks to the efforts of governments at all levels, the disaster losses have been effectively reduced At present, there are 46.3 million mu of farmland suffering from drought in China, including 14.1 million mu of heavy drought and 4.66 million mu of dry land There are 5.26 million people and 4.63 million large livestock suffering from temporary drinking water difficulties due to drought, but they are all less than the average level for many years The drought affected areas are mainly distributed in the middle and west of Inner Mongolia, most of Shanxi, north of Hebei, west of Hunan and northwest of Guangxi 2 The work of flood control and drought relief this year has six outstanding aspects: 1 Attach great importance to it The Party Central Committee and the State Council have always attached great importance to the work of flood control and drought relief In all the important flood fighting and emergency rescue and drought relief processes in China, the main leading comrades of the Central Committee should personally deploy and put forward specific requirements for major issues, which is the fundamental guarantee for winning the work of flood control and drought relief over the years In this year's most critical period of flood control and drought relief, General Secretary Hu Jintao, Premier Wen Jiabao, Vice Premier Hui Liangyu and other leaders have made important instructions and made clear requirements for many times According to the development of flood and drought, Premier Wen Jiabao, Hui Liangyu and other leading comrades went deep into the front line of flood fighting and rescue for many times, guided the work of flood fighting and drought relief on the spot, visited the cadres and masses fighting in the front line, PLA commanders and soldiers, armed police officers and police officers, and expressed sympathy to the affected people The great attention and cordial concern of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council greatly inspired the belief and courage of the cadres and the masses in overcoming the flood and drought disasters, and the confidence and strength in overcoming the difficulties and rebuilding their homes It is the fundamental reason for the Chinese people to overcome the natural disasters for many years 2 In the deployment and implementation of flood fighting and relief work, Party committees, governments and flood control and Drought Relief Headquarters at all levels always adhere to the principle of "people first", put ensuring the safety of people's lives in the first place, mobilize and organize the people to evacuate from the dangerous areas in a timely manner, and do a good job in the relocation of the victims During the flood fighting of Xijiang River and Minjiang River, Guangxi organized the safe transfer of 700000 people living in low-lying areas, areas prone to geological disasters and threatened areas along the river in time In Guangdong Province, 387000 people were transferred, 133000 people were rescued, 435000 people were resettled and 317000 people were transferred in an emergency In the process of flood control and fighting of Huaihe River, Anhui and Henan Province evacuated the people in the low-lying areas along the Huaihe River and the flood storage areas ready for use in advance, so as to ensure the safety of human life During the period of typhoon No.9 and No.13, 1.54 million and 1.35 million people were transferred in Fujian, Zhejiang and other relevant provinces and cities, focusing on the transfer of people from coastal fishing rafts and aquaculture personnel, ships to the sea, low-lying areas, dilapidated houses and simple work sheds, and areas prone to landslides The work was deployed to villages and implemented to households, minimizing casualties In terms of drought resistance, we play the backbone role of drought Service Organizations at all levels and actively organize effective drought resistance by relying on the strength of all sectors of society Some unconventional measures have been taken, such as tapping the potential to intercept the river, building emergency water supply facilities, and pulling water to transport water The difficulties of temporary drinking water for 8.08 million people and 4.9 million large livestock have been solved Among them, only 40 million cubic meters of water are transported by vehicles in Yunnan Province, temporarily solving the drinking water problem of 4.34 million people and 2.43 million large livestock [NextPage] 3 Before flood prevention, the national defense chief held the first plenary meeting of the national defense chief in 2005