Nat Struct and Mol Biol: Scientists find special proteins that can help cancer cells survive and worsen

2020 May 17 News /BioValleyBIOON / - Recently, research in international journalsNatureStructural & MolecularBiologyone published report, scientists from the University of Copenhagen and other institutions through the study found that the two main functions RTEL1 proteins during cell division, or research results can help researchers develop new cancer therapiesOne of the body's physiological processes is an important cell division, which occurs throughout the life cycle, the normal cells will only be a limited number of cell divisions occur, and the division of cancer cells can not be controlledSource: UniversityofCopenhagencomprising a plurality of stages of the cell cycle, wherein two of the most important stage is the cellular DNA replication in S phase, and replicated mitotic stage when DNA divided equally between the two daughter cells, the researchers also requires in-depth study to identify specific proteins play a key role in human cells during division, the study, by researchers study reveals cancer cell division cycle process two main functions of specific proteins, the researchers found, RTEL1 protein in S phase and four classification stage plays a key roleresearcher Professor YingLiu said, we found two RTEL1 protein plays a critical function in S phase, RTEL1 proteins inhibit DNA replication process between destructive and transcription of the conflict that would lead to DNA damage and chromosome instability performance, which will be achieved by "ironing" the R- cyclic structure, R- specific unusual ring structure formed between DNA and RNAThe second feature RTEL1 protein is to promote the occurrence of MiDAS process, MiDAS very common in cancer cells and mitosisMiDAS process stands for "mitosis DNA synthesis," which usually occurs in the early stages of mitosis there, the process is professor IanHickson discovered in 2015, Hickson said early data suggest that cancer cells do not use this unusual forms of DNA replication much higher frequency than in normal cells, because the cell division cycle is disturbed by excessive activity of oncogenes, the cancer cells in the S phase replication will experience a lot of pressureMiDAS help the cell to complete DNA replication in S phase has not been completedif MiDAS process does not occur, then it will lead to cell death or cell survival mutations to cancer, for example, which means that the cancer cells due to de novo mutations become more potential abnormalFor this study, the researchers include a variety of different cell types of bone cancer, cervical cancer cells and colon cancer cells were related test, the researchers found, RTEL1 protein plays a key role in cell divisionresearchers said, which in the end we analyzed the protein can help cancer cells use MiDAS process, then found RTEL1 protein can play the role, but the researchers did not find that the protein can have such a big effect ; RTEL1 very important for any cancer cells rely MiDAS process, the researchers expected to take advantage of current research results to design drugs that inhibit RTEL1, selectively target and kill cancer cellsNext the researchers will continue to study how to further investigate RTEL1 play two major roles, and whether there is some connection between the two roles, but the researchers also hope to promote the process of in-depth analysis of how RTEL1 MiDAS in mitosis process (Biovalley Bioon.com) Original source: Wu, W., Bhowmick, R., Vogel, I.etal RTEL1suppressesG-quadruplex- associatedR-loopsatdifficult-to-replicatelociinthehumangenome NatStructMolBiol 27,424-437 (2020) .doi: 10.1038 / s41594-020-0408-6