Nat Metabolism: How the brain regulates the relief of diabetes symptoms.

September 9, 2020 /--- Previous studies have shown that in rodents with type 2 diabetes, a single surgical injection of a protein called fibroblast growth factor 1 can restore normal blood sugar levels and last for weeks to months.
, little is known about how this growth factor works in the brain to produce this lasting benefit.
the mechanism behind this phenomenon can help develop more effective treatments for diabetes.
until recently, there was no recognition of the brain's ability to normalize blood sugar levels in diabetic animals," said Dr. Michael Schwartz, a professor of medicine at the University of Washington School of Medicine and co-director of the Diabetes Institute at the University of Washington School of Medicine.
2 diabetes affects 10 percent of the U.S. population( Photo: www.pixabay.com).
is closely related to obesity and causes serious health problems, including heart disease, vision loss, kidney failure, dementia, incurable infections and nerve damage.
also increases the risk of amputation.
blood sugar levels can prevent these problems, but they are often difficult to achieve and are an ongoing struggle for many patients.
two papers published September 7 in the journal Nature Communications and Nature Metabolism, the team described the brain's complex response to fibroblast growth factor 1.
they found an extracellular substate assembly called a "neural peripheral neural network" that fuses groups of neurons involved in blood sugar control.
researchers learned that fibroblast growth factor 1 repairs the neural network damaged by diabetes.
this response is needed to maintain the relief of diabetes.
Pers, of the Noor and Nord Foundation's Center for Basic Metabolic Research at the University of Copenhagen in Denmark, and Dr. Michael Schwartz, a diabetes and obesity researcher at UW Medicine in Seattle, are senior authors of the paper.
researchers first detailed changes in gene expression induced by the treatment of fibroblast growth factor 1 of different brain cell types located in the heteroblast.
small area of the brain regulates many body functions, including blood sugar, hunger, food intake, and energy use and storage.
scientists have found that glial cells not only provide structural support, but also help organize and regulate neural circuit activity, which responds more strongly than neurons.
researchers also observed enhanced interactions between astrological glial cells and some neurons that produce proteins associated with hedgehogs, called Agrp neurons.
astrological glial cells are rich in astrological glial cells that nourish neurons and support their electrical transmission.
Agrp neurons are an essential part of the black cortogenic signaling system, a vital brain circuit that controls feeding, weight and blood sugar.
the overactivation of Agrp neurons is known to inhibit the conduction of black cortical signals.
this effect is associated with the development of diabetes in humans and rodents.
researchers point out that inhibiting melanocyte signaling after fibroblast growth factor 1 is injected into the brain can continue to relieve diabetes.
other cell types that have a strong response to fibroblast growth factor 1 are mononucleocytes found only in the lower hem of the brain, elongate, nutritionally sensitive glial cells.
their contribution to the normalization of glucose levels needs further study.
, published in Nature Metabolism, studied the structural principles behind the mechanism by which fibroblast growth factor 1 induces diabetes relief.
neural networks promote the stability of the neural circuits by allowing neurons to mesh and bind the connections between them.
researchers wanted to know whether obesity-related diabetes was related to structural changes in the neural networks around these nerves and whether it could be treated.
team noted that in the Zucker Diabetes Fatty rat model of type 2 diabetes, these nets in the hypothyasta were scarce compared to rats with normal blood sugar levels, while in other parts of the brain they were normal.
a single injection of fibroblast growth factor 1 into the brain, this loss of the nerve network around the nerve is quickly reversed.
the net through enzyme digestion, hindering the ability of fibroblast growth factor 1 to improve diabetes.
, fibroblast growth factor 1 does not require a complete neural network to affect food intake.
findings identified neural networks as key targets for continuous diabetes remission induced by fibroblast growth factor 1.
the researchers speculated that perhaps these nets could help inhibit the activity of Agrp neurons, thereby promoting the transmission of black cortical signals.
researchers plan to continue trying to bridge the gap between cellular (and extracellular) responses to fibroblast growth factor 1 and normalization of blood sugar levels.
hope that this will ultimately help develop new strategies to achieve sustainable diabetes relief in patients.
(Bioon.com) Source: The brain can can induce diabetes remission in rodents, but how? Information Link: Original source: Hypothalamic perineuronal net assembly is required for sustained diabetes remission induced by fibroblastst factor 1 in rats, Nature Metabolism (2020). DOI: 10.1038/s42255-020-00275-6, original link: