Nat Genet: The malfunction of the genome structure may induce the occurrence of B cell malignant tumors!

4, 2021 // -- In a recent study published in the international journal Nature Genetics, scientists from Columbia University's Irvine Medical Center and others found that errors in chromosome arrangement in B cells that produce antibodies appear to play a key role in the development of B-cell-related blood cancers.
findings may help in the search for new biomarkers to predict the occurrence of related cancers, as well as the development of new cancer therapies to prevent or correct errors in the genome structure.
Photo Source: CC0 Public Domain antibodies are produced by immune cells called B cells through a series of finely controlled staining weight rowing processes, and beneficial mutations allow cells to produce a variety of different antibodies;
the latest study, researchers found that a special protein called DIS3 is important for maintaining the structure of the genome and can also prevent out-of-control staining weight-draining processes that can trigger related cancers.
study of mice, the researchers found that B cells become unstable, resulting in more harmful staining weight rows, and that when DIS3 is missing, B cells' ability to produce specific antibodies is significantly reduced.
DIS3 stabilizes the structure of chromosomes by preventing the accumulation of non-coded RNAs(ncRNAs), which interfere with the way the genome is arranged and packaged in the nucleus, making it easier for the genome to receive the effects of DNA subsection.
since DIS3 mutations are commonly found in patients with multiple myeloma, a common blood cancer that originates from B-cells, this study explains why these mutations induce disease.
researcher Basu says multiple myeloma therapy requires therapeutic interventions that prevent the accumulation of RNA and have an impact on the structure of the genome.
later this year, researchers will continue to delve into how changes in genomic architecture can be used to predict the occurrence of multiple B-cell malignancies, even if some are relatively benign at first.
, the researchers also revealed the importance of maintaining genomic architecture for cancer prevention and the role of non-coded RNAs in the normal production of antibodies.
() Original source: Laffleur, B., Lim, J., Zhang, W. et al. Noncoding RNA processing by DIS3 regulates chromosomal architecture and somatic hypermutation in B cells. Nat Genet (2021). doi：10.1038/s41588-020-00772-0