Nat Commun: New molecular mechanism regulates macrophages of the immune system

Introduction: Macrophages are white blood cells located in tissues that participate in innate and acquired immunity in vertebratesMacrophages are derived from mononucleocells and belong to immune cellsBelongs to a group of non-breeding cellsIts main function is to fix the form of cells or free cells, then the cell fragments and pathogens to devify and digest, and activate lymphocytes or other immune cells, so that it reacts to the pathogenMacrophages can engulf and destroy damaged tissue and help initiate the healing processnational cardiovascular research center (CNIC) team and researchers at Mount Sinai Hospital in New York have found a new molecular mechanism mediated by nuclear receptors that determine the properties and spread of macrophagesMacrophages are a type of cell in the body that acts as an immune sentinelThis new mechanism of discovery particularly affects macrophages in the membrane cavityThe plasma membrane cavity is a cavity surrounded by membranes that surround and protect many organsThe findings, published April 3 in the journal Nature Communications, have a very important guiding effect on the treatment of diseases that affect the organs contained in the pulp and plasma cavityThese diseases include a variety of cancers and myocardial infarctionmacrophages are immune system cells whose main function is to act as a sentinel in the body against pathogensPhathens also maintain balance in the body, maintaining the balance and stability of the body's system by removing tissue waste and debris from tissue repairStudy coordinator and head of cNIC nuclear receptor signaling team, DrMercedes Ricote explainedIn recent years, the work of many research groups has changed the way people understand the origin and regulation of macrophages These studies reveal the great heterogeneity between tissue macrophages, depending on their embryonic or hematopoietic sources, as well as regulating their properties and micro-environmental signals that persist in adult life has three layers of plasusal membranes: the peritoneal membrane that covers the abdominal cavity; the pleural membrane, which surrounds the lungs; and the heart bag that covers the heart "One of the main functions of macrophages in these cavities is to maintain balance in the body by removing dead cells, " Dr Rickett explains In addition, recent studies have shown that these macrophages can immerse nearby damaged organs, "producing an effective, rapid repair response that does not rely on the supplement of the macrophages precursor through the blood supply." Nature Communications, the study was led by Dr Rickett of the National Center for Cardiovascular Research and Dr Mirian Merad of Mount Sinai Hospital, co-author Dr Maria Casanova (Mount Sinai) and Dr Ma Piedad Menende (CNIC) Studies have shown that the expansion of peritoneal macrophages after birth and their maintenance in adulthood are controlled by the lutein X receptor (RXR), which is a member of the nuclear receptor family "RXR is present inside the cell," explains Dr Mapiedad Menende These ligands activate RXR and trigger the expression of specific genes that control growth, produce immunity, maintain balance in the body and maintain metabolism team found that RXR needed to establish a group of macrophages by controlling the proliferation of macrophages in the plasma cavity of newborn mice Studies have also shown that RXR is also important for the survival of adult macrophages As Dr Menendez explains, "The absence of RXR in the plasma macrophages can lead to a large build-up of toxic lipids and kill cells through a process called apoptosis." Dr Rickett explained that using the mouse ovarian cancer model, studies have shown that peritoneal macrophages can immerse ovarian tumors and act as "tumor-related macrophages" that support tumor growth results show that the loss of RXR function led to a decrease in the number of macrophages in the peritoneal cavity, resulting in a decrease in the contribution of these macrophages to the growth of ovarian tumors, slowing the progression of the disease "As a result, macrophages in the slurry cavity may be a target for treating cancers affected by the plasma cavity organs," Dr Rickett stressed researchers are particularly interested in the possibility of regulating RXR with drugs, including some currently used to treat skin lymphoma "Our study may have implications for the treatment of diseases that progress, such as cancer, or repair of damaged tissue, such as myocardial infarction "