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There is a persistent gender difference in the incidence of Parkinson's disease (PD), with men 1.
Figure 1: Paper cover image
However, an evaluation of genome-wide association study (GWAS) data has not found differences in heritability estimates for autosomal dominant loci between male and female PD patients, and data on whether female PD patients have an increased family history are conflicting of
Sex-related differences in disease frequency occur in some, but not all, inherited forms of PD and may depend not only on genes but also on specific variants
A follow-up meta-analysis examining sex differences in LRRK2 PD showed that women with LRRK2 variants had a higher incidence of PD, which was attributable to the G2019S variant, but not the G2385 variant
Although most showed male predominance, or a more equitable sex distribution, subsequent meta-analyses showed a higher prevalence of female GBA PD in North America and Europe, but not in Asia and Oceania
To better understand sex differences in genetic contributions to PD and differences between genetic subgroups, Roberto A.
They assessed differences in sex-specific frequencies of GBA PD, including a subset of GBA variant severity, LRRK2 PD, and PD in the Ashkenazi Jewish cohort of idiopathic PD
Figure 2: The results of the paper
However, among GBA PD plaintiffs, severe variant carriers were more likely to be women (15/19 women, 79.
