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Dog breeds are often recognized for their unique characteristics-the short legs of a dachshund, the wrinkled face of a pug, and the spotted fur of a Dalmatian
An international research team led by the University of California, Davis recently published a study in Canine Medicine and Genetics.
Bannersch said: "The health effects of inbreeding are surprising
Inbreeding affects health
Based on the genetic analysis of 227 breeds, the average inbred line is close to 25%, or equivalent to sharing the same genetic material with a complete sibling
"Data from other species, combined with strong breeds tending to complex diseases such as cancer and autoimmune diseases, emphasizes the high relevance of inbreeding dogs to their health," said Bannasch, who is also Maxine’s Adler who gave the chair in School of Genetics and Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis
Researchers cooperate with the world's leading pet genetics company Wisdom Health Genetics to obtain the largest sample size for analysis
Some breeds are more inbreeding
So, what makes a dog more inbreeding than other dogs? Bannersch explained that this is usually the result of a small population and then a strong selection of specific characteristics of a breed—usually based on appearance.
Bannersch found that Danish-Swedish farm dogs have a low level of inbreeding.
The study also revealed significant differences in the incidence of short-headed dogs (short cranium and short nose) and non-short-headed dogs
Genetic diversity protection
In the end, Bannersch said she was not sure if there was a way to get rid of inbreeding breeds
She said that other measures can be taken to protect the genetic diversity and health of a breed
Bannasch said that as a measure to increase genetic diversity, some breeds and conditions are being proposed or have been implemented for outcrossing, but careful consideration must be given to whether these will effectively increase overall breed diversity and thereby reduce inbred lines
Other UC Davis authors include Thomas Famula, Kevin Bachel, Noah Safra, Sarah Tomasi, and Robert Riben
