More than 80% of imported genetically modified soybeans are exported to China

This week, Zhang Xiaoping, China's chief representative of the American Soybean Export Association, revealed that in 2012, China's soybean imports from the United States amounted to 13 billion US dollars, surpassing Boeing aircraft, becoming the single commodity with the largest export value to China This figure is an achievement for exporters to show off, but it is a painful one for soybean practitioners in China's main production areas In fact, as the origin of soybean, more than 80% of China's market share has been occupied by imported genetically modified soybean " At present, the domestic share of imported genetically modified soybeans exceeds 80% "Last year, the domestic soybean output was 12.9 million tons, and the imported soybean was 58.38 million tons The current situation of China's soybean market is that it is highly dependent on foreign countries, and the share of imported genetically modified soybeans in the domestic market exceeded 80%." Wang Xiaoyu, Deputy Secretary General of Heilongjiang soybean association, told reporters China imported 58.38 million tons of soybeans last year as the origin of soybeans, but the history of soybean self-sufficiency has long gone Since the American Soybean Export Association opened its office in China in 1982, most of the market shares of imported soybeans have been gradually occupied in the competition with domestic soybeans In the past decade, the number of imported soybeans has increased from 1.11 million tons in 1996 to 58.38 million tons last year, an increase of more than 50 times in 16 years Recently, it was reported that China imported US $13 billion worth of soybeans from the United States in 2012, and US soybeans have surpassed Boeing aircraft, becoming the single commodity with the largest value exported by the United States to China Dai Jingrui, academician of the Chinese Academy of engineering and professor of the school of Agronomy and Biotechnology of the Agricultural University of China, told reporters that the price advantage is the main reason why imported soybeans quickly occupy the Chinese market Soybeans in the main production areas such as the United States, Brazil and Argentina are all mechanized production, with high output and low production cost, so the price is cheap In addition, the oil content of imported soybeans is high and the oil yield is high Domestic oil processing enterprises like to use imported soybeans According to the recent market quotation, the price of imported soybeans is about RMB per ton, while that of domestic soybeans is more than 4500 yuan Farmers are willing to grow corn and domestic soybeans in the competition gradually lose market share Correspondingly, the soybean planting area in China has been greatly reduced in recent years In Heilongjiang, the main soybean producing area in China, the reduction of soybean planting area is amazing: 64.7 million mu in 2010, 51.93 million mu in 2011 and less than 40 million mu in 2012 Wang Xiaoyu told reporters that the shrinking of soybean planting area was more obvious after 2010, mainly because of the impact of corn industrial consumption to stimulate the increase of corn prices, a large number of soybean farmers turned to planting corn Dai Jingrui also said: "the soybean planting yield is low and the benefit is low Compared with a mu of corn, the income of a mu of soybean is at least one or two hundred yuan less, so farmers are willing to grow corn." In Keshan County, Heilongjiang Province, where is the "hometown of soybeans", it has become a normal practice for farmers to adjust their planting structure and reduce the soybean planting area in recent years Liu you, a farmer in Henan township of the county, said he had planted soybeans for more than ten years, but changed to corn last year due to low efficiency Before, the income of a mu of soybeans was less than yuan, but after planting corn, it could earn 5600 yuan per mu The vast majority of oil processing enterprises have stopped production The oil processing enterprises that originally purchased domestic soybeans and guaranteed farmers' planting benefits are also hard to protect themselves Wang Xiaoyu said that the vast majority of oil processing enterprises in Heilongjiang have stopped production at present, among which only 56 of the 88 factories with a processing capacity of more than 200 tons are still in production Shi Xuezhong, chairman of Heilongjiang Baoqing Sanjiang Oil Co., Ltd., told reporters that the annual processing capacity of his factory was about 1000 tons, and there were hundreds of workers in the factory, but it has not been started since the Spring Festival this year At present, there is not a worker in his factory The equipment in the workshop is covered with dust due to long-term unattended use The warehouse used to store soybeans is also empty "Imported beans are cheap, we are expensive." According to Shi Xuezhong, the price difference between domestic soybeans and imported soybeans is the main reason why Heilongjiang oil extraction enterprises cannot survive Shi Xuezhong said he would lose 300 yuan per ton if he started again If he also buys imported soybeans for production, compared with the coastal processing enterprises, he has to pay an extra transportation cost, which increases the production cost At the sales end, he also faces the cost of transportation to the southern consumption area, so the products are lack of competitiveness in the market Nowadays, most of the workers have already terminated their labor contracts with the factory, while the rest of the better skilled workers are living on hundreds of yuan a month, waiting for the start-up time "I don't know when it will start I think it will be yellow." Shi Xuezhong said that he has not made a good plan for the future Maybe he will consider changing his career if he can't continue his career Debate about genetically modified food is our table safe? For the defenders of domestic soybeans, the advantage of domestic soybeans over imported soybeans lies in that they are non genetically modified natural products, while the vast majority of imported soybeans belong to genetically modified products Wang Xiaoyu, who is an opponent of GM soybeans, said: "there may be some unsafe factors in imported GM soybeans And the domestic soybean, thousands of years of history has proved the safety, abandon the safety of products to use controversial products, is not appropriate practice " Last month, a report released by the Heilongjiang soybean association said that there was a high correlation between regions with high cancer incidence and regions with genetically modified soybean oil consumption Immediately after the report was released, it caused a great uproar from all walks of life Later, several authoritative experts in the field of food safety retorted that the inference was groundless Wang Xiaoyu responded that although there was no scientific experiment to prove the report, the inference made was not fabricated He hoped that relevant experts could comply with the interests of the people, show the demonstration report and process of GM safety to the people, and further promote the scientific experiment of GM safety It was later interpreted that Heilongjiang soybean association represents the interests of non GMO soybean industry The above report is to resist the impact of imported soybeans and save the domestic non GMO soybean industry on the verge of collapse Professor Dai Jingrui, academician of the Chinese Academy of engineering, told reporters that there is no problem with the safety of genetically modified soybeans approved by the Chinese government for import As far as he knows, there are no real cases of harm caused by the use of genetically modified soybeans in the world All previous negative examples can not stand the test of facts and science, and are finally denied In the United States, which produces genetically modified soybeans, most of the people are consuming genetically modified soybeans "The controversy over genetically modified soybeans is actually due to the ignorance of the masses and the demonization of genetically modified products in the process of transmission." Dai Jingrui believes that doubts about the safety of genetically modified products are actually rumors In addition, according to Dai Jingrui, genetically modified soybeans in China are in a state of "no eating, no planting" At present, the gene of genetically modified soybeans in the United States has been transferred to China for use, and the research of genetically modified soybeans in China has made good progress, but it has not been approved for use at the national level, and it is not allowed to plant genetically modified food crops including soybeans Wang Xiaoyu, deputy secretary-general of Heilongjiang soybean association, is worried about the prospect of protecting domestic soybeans in the same way as protecting giant pandas In recent years, people in Heilongjiang soybean industry, including him, have been calling for the protection of domestic soybean through various channels Protecting domestic soybeans should be a check and balance measure "to protect domestic soybeans like protecting giant pandas", the association has put forward such a view in a proposal The specific policy recommendations include the establishment of natural non transgenic soybean reserves, the implementation of targeted price subsidies for soybean farmers in the reserves, and the implementation of dynamic subsidies for soybean processing enterprises In Wang Xiaoyu's view, there are excessive and excessive problems in importing soybean, which impact and occupy the development space of independent soybean industry In recent years, the coastal processing industry continues to expand production capacity, while the soybean in Heilongjiang production area can not be sold out, which requires the state to collect, store and purchase Wang Xiaoyu believes that the ultimate goal of international enterprises exporting soybeans to China is to seize the development space of their own industries, crush domestic soybeans and finally achieve monopoly Therefore, China should keep a chip of check and balance means, otherwise it will be controlled by others in the future, and the protection of domestic soybeans and the development of independent industries is such a chip for the right of discourse and pricing Therefore, he believes: "it is more important to protect the independent soybean industry than the giant panda." Soybean pricing is hard to have a say in China An oil processing enterprise owner also said that the pure natural soybean was left by the ancestors, unwilling to be washed down by the imported genetically modified soybean, but it is powerless in front of the market If the market can favor non GMO soybean oil more and form a more favorable mechanism in pricing, domestic soybean will still have a living space However, the pricing power of soybean and its products has become the pain of local practitioners Wang Xiaoyu said that although Heilongjiang is the main producer of soybeans, it is difficult to have a say in the pricing of soybeans The price of soybeans is determined by the futures exchange in Chicago, the United States Through the platform of futures market, international capital can realize the control of pricing power and discourse power of its whole industry The price of non GM soybeans produced in the United States is much higher than that of GM soybeans, while China's non GM soybeans compete with imported GM soybeans on the same price platform In the long-term PK process between domestic and imported soybeans, the national minimum purchase price policy of temporarily collected and stored soybeans is considered to be one of the factors that cause the long-term distortion of supply and demand prices in the soybean market and the widening price gap of domestic and foreign agricultural products (6.61,0.23,3.61%) This policy has been implemented for five years in order to protect the interests of grain farmers The soybean protection price in Northeast China has been increasing year by year, but the impact on the industry has been complicated There has been a long debate on the direction of this policy Recently, there are rumors in the market that the temporary soybean reserve acquisition may be cancelled this year, but will be changed to the direct price difference policy That is, if the market price is lower than the target price, the subsidy amount shall be determined according to the price difference between the two, and the government shall directly subsidize the farmers; if the market price is higher than the target price, the subsidy will not be started Market insiders said that if the price difference subsidy is implemented, the government's financial burden may be reduced, and the market price of domestic soybeans will be in line with the cost of imported soybeans, which will benefit the oil extraction enterprises and end consumers in the main production areas Since 2000, the rapid increase of imported soybean has occupied the market share of domestic soybean led by Heilongjiang Subsequently, Heilongjiang and other major soybean producing areas also began the process of self-defense under the leadership of the government Since 2002, Heilongjiang Province has made a great contribution to soybean production