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Due to the intake of high-calorie and high-sugar foods, the prevalence of obesity among women of childbearing age is increasing worldwide.
Obesity increases the risk of diabetes, hypertension, and behavioral disorders in offspring.
Maternal obesity before and during pregnancy is widely believed to have short-term and long-term adverse health effects on oneself and offspring.
More and more evidence shows that obesity can regulate emotional behavior.
Obesity hurts the brain is an indisputable fact! Obesity causes brain cells to age, damage to hippocampal nerve formation, cause anxiety, and cognitive impairment.
Rodent studies also show that maternal high-fat diets can cause significant and long-term cognitive dysfunction in offspring mice.
The changes in the maternal gut microbiota caused by obesity may be related to the cognitive impairment of the offspring.
The intestinal flora microbial system is considered to be established at birth or shortly after birth.
It can carry part of the mother's flora at birth and can be affected by the environment's flora after birth.
On March 1, 2021, Liu Xuebo and Liu Zhigang, School of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, and Hou Min, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiaotong University, jointly published an article in Cell Metabolism, revealing that maternal obesity can cause cognitive dysfunction in offspring mice , High dietary fiber diet can improve this cognitive impairment through the gut-brain axis.
This is not the first time the team has linked the brain-gut axis to cognitive functions caused by metabolic disorders.
On February 18, 2020, Professor Liu Xuebo’s team published an article in Nature Communications and found that intermittent eating can improve the cognitive dysfunction of diabetic mice through the microbiota-metabolite-brain axis.
Researchers followed up 778 children and found that mothers who were overweight or obese had children who were more likely to be overweight or obese.
In addition, these children's cognitive abilities are slightly weaker, and the risk of autism is increased.
This indicates that obese mothers during pregnancy may cause cognitive and social disorders in offspring.
Behavioral testing of the offspring of female mice on a high-fat diet They used a high-fat diet to feed female mice for 12 consecutive weeks, called mHFD mice.
After mating these mHFD mice with normal male mice, their offspring showed obvious learning, memory and social disorders.
At the molecular level, the expression of synaptic function-related genes (PSD-95 and FXR1), neurodevelopmental genes FXR2 and TDP2 in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex of its offspring mice decreased.
Giving high-fiber food intake improves cognitive function.
These offspring mice have significantly improved their learning, memory and social functions after receiving high dietary fiber intake.
In addition, the above-mentioned molecular-level defects have also been significantly improved.
Dietary fiber regulates the intestinal microbial community by providing the necessary substrate for the intestinal microbial community.
Unlike humans, which produce only 17 gastrointestinal enzymes that digest food glycans, the intestinal microbiota produces thousands of enzymes with different specificities, enabling them to depolymerize and ferment dietary polysaccharides to form short-chain fatty acids that can be absorbed by the host ( SCFA).
The researchers found that the intestinal flora of the offspring of mHFD mice was disturbed.
After transplanting these flora into female mice treated with antibiotics, the offspring of these mice also developed cognitive and social disorders.
In addition, high-fiber feeding can effectively reshape the gut microbiota of the offspring of mHFD mice, which indicates that the gut microbiota mediates the cognitive and social deficits of the offspring caused by obesity.
Supplementation of short-chain fatty acids improved the cognitive function of mice.
The levels of acetic acid and propionic acid in the feces of mHFD mice decreased, but butyric acid did not change, and the expression of SCFA receptor Olfr78 in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex decreased.
After a high-fiber diet can effectively alleviate this decline.
At 5 weeks after weaning, the researchers added acetic acid and propionic acid to the drinking water of the offspring of mHFD mice, which can promote the expression of receptor Olfr78, increase the expression of synaptic function genes in the hippocampus and cortex, and alleviate cognitive dysfunction .
In general, this paper found that obese mothers are closely related to poor cognitive ability of offspring through cohort studies, and the offspring of obese female mice have obvious cognitive and social dysfunction.
Both obese female mice and their offspring play the role of repairing cognitive function and synaptic connection function by changing the intestinal bacterial flora after high fiber intake.
[References] 1.
Liu et al.
, High-fiber diet mitigates maternal obesity-induced cognitive and social dysfunction in the offspring via gutbrain axis, Cell Metabolism (2021), https://doi.
org/10.
1016/j.
cmet .
2021.
02.
002 The pictures in the text are all from references
Due to the intake of high-calorie and high-sugar foods, the prevalence of obesity among women of childbearing age is increasing worldwide.
Obesity increases the risk of diabetes, hypertension, and behavioral disorders in offspring.
Maternal obesity before and during pregnancy is widely believed to have short-term and long-term adverse health effects on oneself and offspring.
More and more evidence shows that obesity can regulate emotional behavior.
Obesity hurts the brain is an indisputable fact! Obesity causes brain cells to age, damage to hippocampal nerve formation, cause anxiety, and cognitive impairment.
Rodent studies also show that maternal high-fat diets can cause significant and long-term cognitive dysfunction in offspring mice.
The changes in the maternal gut microbiota caused by obesity may be related to the cognitive impairment of the offspring.
The intestinal flora microbial system is considered to be established at birth or shortly after birth.
It can carry part of the mother's flora at birth and can be affected by the environment's flora after birth.
On March 1, 2021, Liu Xuebo and Liu Zhigang, School of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, and Hou Min, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiaotong University, jointly published an article in Cell Metabolism, revealing that maternal obesity can cause cognitive dysfunction in offspring mice , High dietary fiber diet can improve this cognitive impairment through the gut-brain axis.
This is not the first time the team has linked the brain-gut axis to cognitive functions caused by metabolic disorders.
On February 18, 2020, Professor Liu Xuebo’s team published an article in Nature Communications and found that intermittent eating can improve the cognitive dysfunction of diabetic mice through the microbiota-metabolite-brain axis.
Researchers followed up 778 children and found that mothers who were overweight or obese had children who were more likely to be overweight or obese.
In addition, these children's cognitive abilities are slightly weaker, and the risk of autism is increased.
This indicates that obese mothers during pregnancy may cause cognitive and social disorders in offspring.
Behavioral testing of the offspring of female mice on a high-fat diet They used a high-fat diet to feed female mice for 12 consecutive weeks, called mHFD mice.
After mating these mHFD mice with normal male mice, their offspring showed obvious learning, memory and social disorders.
At the molecular level, the expression of synaptic function-related genes (PSD-95 and FXR1), neurodevelopmental genes FXR2 and TDP2 in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex of its offspring mice decreased.
Giving high-fiber food intake improves cognitive function.
These offspring mice have significantly improved their learning, memory and social functions after receiving high dietary fiber intake.
In addition, the above-mentioned molecular-level defects have also been significantly improved.
Dietary fiber regulates the intestinal microbial community by providing the necessary substrate for the intestinal microbial community.
Unlike humans, which produce only 17 gastrointestinal enzymes that digest food glycans, the intestinal microbiota produces thousands of enzymes with different specificities, enabling them to depolymerize and ferment dietary polysaccharides to form short-chain fatty acids that can be absorbed by the host ( SCFA).
The researchers found that the intestinal flora of the offspring of mHFD mice was disturbed.
After transplanting these flora into female mice treated with antibiotics, the offspring of these mice also developed cognitive and social disorders.
In addition, high-fiber feeding can effectively reshape the gut microbiota of the offspring of mHFD mice, which indicates that the gut microbiota mediates the cognitive and social deficits of the offspring caused by obesity.
Supplementation of short-chain fatty acids improved the cognitive function of mice.
The levels of acetic acid and propionic acid in the feces of mHFD mice decreased, but butyric acid did not change, and the expression of SCFA receptor Olfr78 in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex decreased.
After a high-fiber diet can effectively alleviate this decline.
At 5 weeks after weaning, the researchers added acetic acid and propionic acid to the drinking water of the offspring of mHFD mice, which can promote the expression of receptor Olfr78, increase the expression of synaptic function genes in the hippocampus and cortex, and alleviate cognitive dysfunction .
In general, this paper found that obese mothers are closely related to poor cognitive ability of offspring through cohort studies, and the offspring of obese female mice have obvious cognitive and social dysfunction.
Both obese female mice and their offspring play the role of repairing cognitive function and synaptic connection function by changing the intestinal bacterial flora after high fiber intake.
[References] 1.
Liu et al.
, High-fiber diet mitigates maternal obesity-induced cognitive and social dysfunction in the offspring via gutbrain axis, Cell Metabolism (2021), https://doi.
org/10.
1016/j.
cmet .
2021.
02.
002 The pictures in the text are all from references
