Many articles reveal the secrets of feces and diseases!

In recent years, scientists have found through research that feces can not only be transplanted to help treat some human diseases, but also help diagnose some diseases In this article, the editor has compiled several research results to jointly uncover the relationship between feces and human diseases and share with you! Photo source: cc0 public domain [1] how to find cancer clues from feces? Let the scientists tell you! News reading: looking for cancer clubs in poo may be something most of us would not like to talk about, but it may be a tool to help early diagnosis of colorectal cancer Here we are talking about feces Feces may have a special advantage in the diagnosis of certain cancers, and professor Chris Probert, a researcher at the University of Liverpool, explains why feces are such an important tool For colorectal cancer, which part of the body is the gut, and where are the chemicals the researchers want to test most likely? That's faeces, and tests currently used to screen for bowel cancer have taken advantage of the fact that faeces are used to look for early signs of bowel cancer The beauty of stool observation is that it can effectively fight against cancer, because it allows us to find the cause of cancer If researchers find a compound in the urine, it may be because it is filtered from the blood and enters the urine from other places; in other words, the stool can also provide very specific information about the intestinal state of some people 【2】 J Parkinson dis: can fecal transplantation treat Parkinson's disease? Doi: 10.3233/jpd-191802 constipation is a common disease in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) Fecal microbiome transplantation (FMT) and probiotics and probiotics are potential options for the treatment of constipation and the recovery of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients However, scientists believe that due to the lack of clinical data at present, more research is needed before clinical use Relevant research is published in the International Journal of Parkinson's On release, in the article, the researchers introduced their findings In this review, the researchers evaluated the progress of studies on the use of fecal transplantation and probiotics to restore normal intestinal microbial balance in PD patients, and highlighted the questions that still need to be answered Fecal transplantation includes the transfer of liquid filtrate feces from healthy screened individuals to patients through a nasogastric or nasoduodenal tube, enema or colonoscopy According to the researchers, fecal transplantation is an interesting option to restore the homeostasis of microbiome in PD patients This is an attractive technique because administration is relatively simple and usually has only minor adverse reactions However, at present, there is no strict clinical trial for this treatment, and people lack systematic understanding of the optimal content, administration route and long-term impact of fecal transplantation 【3】 NEJM: there may be drug-resistant Escherichia coli in fecal grafts doi: 10.1056/nejmoa1910437 recently, researchers from the Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) in the New England Journal of A study published in the journal Medicine shows that strict screening for resistant E.coli in fecal microbiome transplantation (FMT) is an important means to prevent infection in patients, especially those with low immune function This article describes two cases of infection in patients treated with FMT capsules containing a broad spectrum of E.coli resistant to β - lactam (ESBL) One patient died and the other was cured Encapsulated FMT was originally developed for the treatment of C diff infection, and is currently being used to study the treatment of other diseases, including enteritis, obesity, liver disease, multiple sclerosis and food allergy In FMT, patients are treated with frozen feces encapsulated in capsules The first patient participated in a clinical trial to explore whether FMT can improve brain function in patients with liver disease Patients received FMT capsules within three weeks On the seventeenth day after the last dose, ESBL was found in the blood of the patient After receiving intravenous antibiotic treatment, the patient was finally cured 【4】 Can human beings really use feces to treat depression in the future? Doi: 10.1186/s40168-019-0733-3 imagine that in the future, humans can use feces to treat depression! Recently, in a research report published in the international journal microbiome, Professor Yao Honghong from Southeast University School of Medicine found that the change of intestinal flora in the body may lead to the occurrence of depression, and the transplantation of flora may significantly improve the depression like symptoms of patients In this study, Professor Yao Honghong et al Compared the intestinal microflora differences between wild-type and NLRP3 knockout litters of mice They wanted to evaluate whether the intestinal microflora changes and depression At the same time, the researchers also want to know how the intestinal flora of NLRP3 knockout mice affects the behavior of mice suffering from chronic stress, especially whether the intestinal flora is the key factor to promote the function of astrocytes by regulating circrnas 【5】 Nat Med: to reveal the mechanism of faecal flora therapy to prevent food allergy doi: 10.1038/s41591-019-0461-z the role of intestinal microecological disorders in food allergy is still unclear In a new study, researchers from Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital and other research institutions found that the microecological dysfunctional fecal flora from food allergy infants evolved over time, and could not prevent mice from food allergy The results were published in the journal Nature Medicine Infants and mice with food allergies have decreased IgA binding capacity and increased IgE binding capacity to fecal bacteria Clostridia species affected by intestinal microecological disorders, whether administered alone or in combination with the intestinal bacterium subdiligranulum variabile, can prevent food allergies in mice Photo source: pursuit.unimelb.edu.au [6] fecal transplantation may be the best way to fight against drug-resistant bacteria doi: 10.7556/jaoa.2019.054 according to an article in Journal of the American osteopath Association, for those patients who cannot benefit from targeted antibiotic treatment of C diff, they will be infected with C Diff's patients with fecal microbes transplanted into their colon may be the best treatment C Diff is the most common hospital acquired infection in the United States It affects nearly 500000 patients every year and becomes a recurrent infection in nearly one third of them If not treated, C diff can lead to sepsis and death "25 years ago, C diff infection was more easily controlled and usually solved by discontinuing initial antibiotics However, these infections have become more and more common and harmful The standard and FDA approved course of treatment for C diff is oral vancomycin, an antibiotic However, even drugs used to eliminate C diff can make infection permanent by killing beneficial microorganisms Researchers say new antibiotics that are more specific for C diff have been developed, but their prices may be prohibitive 【7】 Nat Med: fecal flora transplantation can effectively treat immune checkpoint inhibitor associated colitis doi: 10.1038/s41591-018-0238-9 in a new study, researchers from MD Anderson Cancer Center of the University of Texas in the United States, took two patients as subjects, and found for the first time the intestinal bacteria transplanted from healthy donors It can be used to successfully treat patients with severe colitis caused by the treatment of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) This shows that fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is worth studying as a common side effect of immunotherapy in clinical trials, and the relevant research results are published in the journal Nature Medicine After FMT treatment, colitis regression in both patients was clinically and endoscopically confirmed, the researchers said Based on these results, this should be evaluated as a first-line treatment for ICI related colitis, because it is safe, fast and long-lasting after a single treatment ICI therapy can relieve the inhibition of immune checkpoint protein on the ability of immune system to attack cancer, and has successfully provided lasting response for patients with several types of cancer However, these treatments are often associated with significant immune-related toxicity 【8】 Genome Biol: feces can predict the degree of obesity doi: 10.1186/s13059-016-1052-7 a new study shows that the diversity of bacterial populations in the gut is significantly related to the body fat content The study is the largest in the field of correlation between microbial diversity and body fat content The results show that people's risk of obesity is closely related to gut microbes inherited from their parents Researchers from King's College in the UK analyzed the microbial population in the feces of 1313 volunteers and tested their six obesity indicators, including BMI, the ratio of upper to lower body fat and so on Through statistical analysis, the researchers found that the degree of abnormal fat accumulation (i.e excessive concentration of fat in certain areas) in human body was significantly related to the diversity of intestinal microorganisms In other words, the less microbial species in the gut, the more likely it is to accumulate fat Through the study of 3666 twins, the results showed that the abnormal accumulation of fat had obvious genetic characteristics 【9】 Genome Biol: scientists elucidate the relationship between fecal bacteria and body fat doi: 10.1186/s13059-016-1052-7 recently, an international journal, genome In the Research Report on biology, researchers from King's College in London revealed the relationship between human fecal microbiome and the body's abdominal fat level through research, which may provide new research evidence for scientists to find special bacteria in fecal microorganisms to clarify their genetic impact on obesity The scientists found that participants with diverse bacterial populations in feces tend to have low levels of visceral fat, which is stored in cavities near a series of important visceral organs, and is directly related to the high risk of multiple metabolic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes In the past, researchers have not found a direct correlation between this kind of fat and the organism's microbiome In this large-scale study of 1313 twins, the researchers used fecal samples provided by participants as part of the annual sampling They extracted DNA information related to fecal microorganisms, and then compared the information with six measurement indicators of obesity, including BMI index and fat ratio of the body However, the researchers found that these fecal samples were There is a strong correlation between bacteria in the stool and visceral fat The researchers then used BMI index as a measure of obesity to conduct a cohort study of the two groups of people to confirm the above conclusions Their purpose was to observe the association between organism microbiome and obesity, and to clarify whether