Many articles interpret the new achievements of blood-brain barrier research!

In this paper, I have compiled many research results, and jointly interpreted the new achievements of scientists in the field of blood-brain barrier research, and shared them with you! Source: Daniel Hertzberg [1] oncotarget: new map or promising to promote cancer drugs to cross the blood-brain barrier and directly act on cancer cells in the brain The human brain has many extraordinary capabilities, including its ability to effectively block cancer drugs from reaching the cancer cells in the brain; when treating cancer that has spread to the brain, the biggest obstacle faced by researchers is the blood-brain barrier The natural defense mechanism of the brain is a collection of blood vessels, which can effectively filter the substances in and out of the brain Recently, in a research report published in the International Journal oncotarget, scientists from Purdue University described and analyzed the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the blood tumor barrier (BBB) of brain metastasis of lung cancer for the first time through their research Relevant research may help to develop new therapies for brain metastasis of cancer According to researcher Tiffany Lyle, we focus on the study of the pathological characteristics of blood-brain barrier Cancer brain metastasis occurs in patients with breast cancer, lung cancer and melanoma These metastases tend to greatly reduce the survival rate of patients, mainly because the blood-brain barrier of patients is very difficult for drugs to enter their brain tissue 【2】 Nat commun: the new method is expected to overcome the "blood-brain barrier" doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-12554-2 recently, in a research report published in the international journal Nature communications, scientists from Newcastle University in the UK made a major breakthrough in how drugs penetrate the blood-brain barrier For the first time, they found a simple way to deliver drugs effectively to the brain, thereby improving the treatment of neurological and neurodegenerative diseases Capillaries in the brain block the penetration of most drugs, so it is very difficult to target the brain for drug therapy However, some viruses have found ways to bypass the blood-brain barrier and enter the brain In order to treat some nervous system diseases and neurodegenerative diseases, drugs can use modified viruses to bypass this barrier and transport drugs to the area The team has now designed a small particle similar to the size of a virus, which acts as a brain carrier and can be filled with drugs for intravenous injection 【3】 Cell stem cell: using stem cells to prepare the first "blood brain barrier" chip "doi: 10.1016/j.stem.2019.05.011 recently, a research report published in the international journal Cell stem cell, researchers from the University of Negev Ben Gurion and other institutions created a kind of containing stem cells for the first time Human blood brain barrier (BBB) chip, which is used to develop personalized medical treatment and research new technology of brain diseases New technologies for the development of personalized medicine and the study of brain diseases Blood brain barrier prevents toxins and other foreign substances from entering brain tissue and causing damage But it also prevents therapeutic drugs from reaching the brain Nervous system diseases such as multiple sclerosis, epilepsy, Alzheimer's disease and Huntington's disease affect millions of people around the world, and are related to blood-brain barrier defects In this study, researchers reprogrammed blood cells collected from individuals into stem cells (called induced pluripotent stem cells), which can produce any type of cell After that, the cells were placed on a microfluidic BBB organ chip, which was about the size of an AA battery, containing tiny hollow channels lined with tens of thousands of living cells and tissues 【4】 Mol Pharma: cannabinol can help drugs cross the blood-brain barrier to enter the brain doi: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b01344 cannabidiol (CBD) is a kind of non psychoactive compound in cannabis, which is believed to be beneficial to many health conditions (from anxiety to epilepsy) Although more research is needed to confirm these claims, scientists have now shown that CBD can be used as a "Trojan horse" for different purposes: to help drugs pass through the blood-brain barrier (BBB) to enter the brain of mice The relevant research results were recently published in the ACS' molecular pharmaceuticals The blood-brain barrier consists of a layer of closely connected cells arranged on the capillary wall of the brain to prevent substances from entering the brain from the blood However, the BBB does allow some molecules to pass through, such as glucose, some amino acids and neurotransmitters For example, a neurotransmitter called endogenous cannabinoid binds to a protein called cannabinoid receptors in the blood-brain barrier, which help these molecules cross the blood-brain barrier into the brain Stem [5] cell Rep: scientists use IPS to develop a three-dimensional artificial blood-brain barrier that works! Doi: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2019.01.009 recently, in a research report published in the international journal stem cell reports, researchers from Vanderbilt University recently took a big step towards the goal of cultivating a brain in a culture dish They successfully induced multi-functional stem cell culture into a three-dimensional blood-brain barrier model In the future, drug testing and disease research rely on organ like (in vitro model of human organ) to determine the efficacy and potency of drugs It is crucial to replicate endothelial dysfunction in brain like organs, because the brain must be protected from substances in the blood In the past, researchers cultured brain endothelium by inducing multi-functional stem cells in a two-dimensional culture dish, but it was not verified at the three-dimensional level In the past, after the development of drugs, it was only necessary to conduct preliminary tests on animals before conducting human trials, but now we realize that there are some problems in this method Photo taken from: Choi Fong CHO, bright and women's Hospital [6] cell: it is the first time to observe the circadian rhythm of blood-brain barrier doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2018.02.017 blood brain barrier (BBB) acts as a guard between the brain and other parts of the body The barrier is made up of tight junctions between cells in the inner walls of blood vessels, which are used to prevent toxic substances and bacteria from invading the brain But it can also block the passage of many drugs used to treat brain diseases In a new study, AMITA Sehgal, Ph.D., Professor of Neuroscience at the University of Pennsylvania's Perelman School of medicine, and his team described that the blood-brain barrier of fruit flies is more permeable at night than during the day In addition, her team found that the daily rhythms are controlled by the molecular clock in the supporting cells within the barrier, which affects how the Drosophila mutant reacts to antiepileptic drugs The results were published in the journal Cell 【7】 SCI adv: scientists have developed a "new formula" doi: 10.1126/sciadv.1701679 to create human blood-brain barrier, which is the "gatekeeper" of the brain It is an almost impenetrable cell barrier, which can make toxins and other preparations enter into the blood but not into the big brain, so it can not produce damage to the brain As an important anatomical structure, blood-brain barrier is the first most comprehensive defense line of the brain, which can not only protect the brain, but also help to effectively prevent some diseases and block a series of neurological effects of a variety of small drug molecules on the brain, such as stroke, trauma and cancer Previously, researchers used human stem cells to develop a basic model of blood-brain barrier in laboratory dishes, but this model depends on the mixing of different cell types, which can cause complex chemical interactions, so as to guide the transformation of blank stem cells into endothelial cells that make the blood-brain barrier Recently, in a research report published in the international journal Science advanced, researchers from the University of Wisconsin Madison described in detail how to more accurately simulate the human blood-brain barrier in the laboratory plate 【8】 SCI signal: molecular mechanism of blood-brain barrier formation News Reading: new insights into complex processes of blood-brain barrier development blood-brain barrier plays an important role in protecting the body This highly selective physical barrier can prevent pathogens and toxic substances from entering the central nervous system from the circulatory system However, this structure also prevents many therapeutic drugs from entering the brain to participate in the response, making the treatment of diseases in the brain area extremely difficult Epithelial cells are the central component of the blood-brain barrier They are located on the inner surface of the blood vessels and can block the material transmission through the blood vessels In fact, the epithelial cells of different tissues have different characteristics Although the whole vascular system has similar structural characteristics, there will be some differences in the endothelial cells based on the different organs supplied Among them, the difference of vascular endothelial cells responsible for the supply of central nervous system is more significant 【9】 Nat commun: scientists are expected to develop a new blood brain barrier model or promote the research of various brain diseases doi: 10.1038/ncomms15623 It is not easy to transport drugs to the brain The blood-brain barrier in the brain does not allow most of the substances in the blood to cross into the brain The blood-brain barrier is a protective barrier tissue to protect the brain from harmful chemicals and foreign substances In order to treat central nervous system diseases and cancers such as glioblastoma, researchers are very It is necessary to transport drugs across the blood-brain barrier to the drug site of action Currently, there are many defects in the model used to study or imitate the blood-brain barrier Recently, researchers from Brigham women's hospital have developed an innovative and easy to use new method, which can accurately imitate the blood-brain barrier by using the sphere structure, and can also overcome them There are many challenges to promote new drugs to treat a variety of brain diseases Relevant research is published in the international journal Nature communications Researcher Choi Fong Cho said that the model developed by us can adopt a new method to simulate the blood-brain barrier outside the living system These micro spheres are relatively simple in structure, and they can also produce many key blood-brain barrier characteristics and functions The researchers hope that the results of this study can help improve the later neuroscience research and help design new brain permeation drugs Treatment of a variety of brain and central nervous system related diseases 【10】 JMC: scientists have successfully modified the structure of anticancer drugs to enhance the penetration of blood-brain barrier doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b01069 scientists from Johns Hopkins University in the United States have modified the structure of an experimental drug to enhance the ability of the drug to pass through the blood-brain barrier This study takes monkeys as the experimental model, and the relevant research results are published in Journal In the Journal of medical chemistry The experimental anticancer drug, don (6-diazo-5-oxo-l-leucine), was obtained from a bacterium found in Peruvian soil more than 70 years ago It can block the cell's use of glutamine Clinical study of different advanced cancer patients