Lupus nephritis ≠ chronic nephritis! Do you understand these differences?

Studies have shown that the kidney is the most commonly affected organ of systemic lupus erythematosus patients, nearly half of lupus patients in China are complicated by lupus nephritis, in order to protect the kidneys and avoid the occurrence of kidney damage caused by lupus, patients have made every effort
.

However, there are several doubts on the road to kidney health, that is, what is the difference between lupus nephritis and chronic nephritis? How can lupus patients protect their kidneys? Popular science Jun will come to popularize it for everyone~

What is the difference between lupus nephritis and chronic nephritis?

01 The etiology is different

Lupus nephritis is the most common and serious complication of systemic lupus erythematosus, and the pathogenesis is complex
.
The main cause is the glomerular deposition of circulating or in situ immune complexes, thereby activating the patient's local immune response and inflammatory response, releasing inflammatory mediators, promoting the infiltration of immune cells, exacerbating immunoinflammation, and eventually leading to kidney damage [1].

The full name of chronic nephritis is chronic glomerulonephritis, the onset is insidious and prolonged, the onset time is usually more than 3 months, the onset of the population is mainly young and middle-aged, and can occur at any age
.

The vast majority of patients progress from primary glomerular diseases of different etiologies, infection (such as rhinitis, upper respiratory tract infection, pneumonia, intestinal infection, urinary tract infection, etc.
) is the main cause of the patient's disease, systemic lupus erythematosus and other autoimmune diseases are also one of the causes of chronic nephritis, hypertension, massive proteinuria, hyperlipidemia are also high-risk factors for the occurrence of this disease [2]
.

02 The clinical manifestations are different

The typical clinical symptoms of chronic nephritis are proteinuria, hematuria, hypertension, edema, and patients in the early stage of the disease only have fatigue, tiredness, lumbar pain, lack of appetite and other manifestations, and may be accompanied by edema, but generally mild
.
Severe cases are likely to present with symptoms of renal failure, such as fatigue, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, headache, generalized pruritus, and blurred vision [2,6].

Patients with lupus nephritis often present with symptoms such as oliguria or nocturia, hematuria (mostly microscopic hematuria), proteinuria, edema, and hypertension, but there are many extrarenal manifestations such as unexplained fever, arthritis, mucocutaneous lesions (butterfly erythema or alopecia), and systemic manifestations such as pericarditis and pleurisy [3-6].

It can be summarized that in fact, the kidney manifestations of chronic nephritis and lupus nephritis are relatively similar, but lupus nephritis is often accompanied by other lupus manifestations in addition to renal manifestations
.

3.
Different severity

Lupus nephritis patients can achieve long-term relief if they get timely treatment, in recent years, with the improvement and individualization of lupus nephritis treatment plan, the remission rate of lupus nephritis treatment has been significantly improved, the 10-year kidney survival rate of lupus nephritis patients in China has also reached 81%~98%, but the risk of recurrence of this disease is higher, reaching 33%~40%, especially those who reduce the dose of drugs or stop the drug rashly, during which patients may have chronic kidney damage or even progress to end-stage renal disease [4-6
。

Chronic nephritis, as its name suggests, often prolongs the disease, according to statistics, in 2017 China's chronic kidney disease patients have reached 132 million
.
If patients with chronic nephritis are not treated in a timely and effective manner, the disease will gradually progress towards chronic renal failure and even uremia, seriously reducing the quality of life of patients [6,8].

Mutual Aid-kun

Whether it is lupus nephritis or chronic nephritis, it comes down to kidney problems
.
In order to avoid the progression of the disease, Mutual Aid Jun recommends several ways to protect the kidneys

Four recommended kidney protection methods

01 Low salt

Low fat

Low-protein diet

First of all, the patient's daily salt intake should be less than 5g, preferably within
3g.
Prevent blood pressure from rising, water and sodium retention in the body to increase the burden on the kidneys, and eat less processed foods;

Secondly, patients with chronic kidney disease are prone to fat metabolism disorders, which can easily cause hyperlipidemia, so patients should try not to eat fatty meat, animal offal, crab yellow and cream and other high-fat foods;

In addition, patients should eat more fish, beef lean meat, eggs, milk, etc.
rich in high-quality protein to delay the course of the disease and reduce the burden
of kidney work.

02Drink enough 1500ml of water a day

For a normal adult, the daily urine output is 500~4000ml, but for patients with chronic kidney disease who have decreased kidney function and doubled urine output, too little water intake, it is easy to dehydrate, if too much intake, it is also very easy to lead to water retention, aggravate edema and hypertension
.

Therefore, in the absence of severe heart failure, edema, pulmonary edema, hypertension and normal urine output, patients with chronic kidney disease should drink enough 1500~2000ml of water per day, drink a small amount of water many times, 50~100ml each time, and do not use drinks instead of boiled water
.
However, if the daily urine output is less than 400ml or there is severe edema and cardiovascular disease, you should follow the doctor's advice to appropriately limit the intake
of water.

03 Walk brisk 6,000 steps a day

Brisk walking is a low-to-medium intensity aerobic exercise, which can not only exercise the patient's cardiopulmonary function, but also improve immunity, improve glucose metabolism and lipid metabolism, and protect the kidneys
.
Patients with chronic kidney disease can develop the exercise habit of walking 6000 steps a day, exercise 5~7 times a week, exercise for half an hour a day, raise their heads and chest during exercise, and maintain abdominal breathing
.

04 Regular work and rest, refuse to stay up late

As the saying goes, "eating a pig during the day, it is better to snore at night", the physiological function of human organs and the periodic changes of the external environment are synchronized, if wanton destruction, it is easy to lead to the body's metabolic function damage, and the kidney is an important part of the metabolic organ, so patients should develop good work and rest habits, strive to sleep well every day, and wake up
naturally every morning with the morning light.

In addition, the standard of getting 8 hours of sleep a day may not be suitable for everyone, and we should still assess our sleep needs according to our sleep situation
.
[9]

Write at the end

In short, whether it is lupus nephritis caused by lupus or chronic nephritis, it is a chronic kidney disease, and the treatment process is destined to be very long, if you want to rescue your kidneys to avoid them falling into haze, in addition to active treatment, patients also need to develop good living and eating habits, and integrate the precautions for kidney protection into daily
life.

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