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Picture: The picture above is a three-dimensional model of the intestine composed of anti-inflammatory cells Paneth cells (green and red) and other intestinal cells (blue)
A study by researchers at Washington University School of Medicine and Cleveland Clinic in St.
This study in mice and humans shows that a high-sugar and high-fat diet can damage Paneth cells, which are immune cells in the intestinal tract that help suppress inflammation
The lead author of the study, Dr.
Paneth cell damage is an important feature of inflammatory bowel disease
Liu and senior author Thaddeus Stpenbeck, MD, chair of the Department of Inflammation and Immunology at the Cleveland Clinic, began to look for the cause of human Paneth cell dysfunction
To better understand this connection, the researchers studied two mice with a genetic predisposition to obesity
For humans, obesity is often the result of a diet rich in fat and sugar
"Obesity itself is not a problem," Liu said
After 4 weeks, the mice resumed a healthy diet and Paneth cells returned to normal
"This is a short-term experiment, only 8 weeks," Liu said
Further experiments showed that a molecule called deoxycholic acid, a secondary bile acid formed as a byproduct of intestinal bacterial metabolism, formed a link between the Western diet and Paneth cell dysfunction
Liu and his colleagues are now investigating whether fat or sugar plays a major role in Paneth cell damage
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