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Written | Edited by Wang Cong | Nagisha Typesetting | Shui Chengwen For a long time, people believe that homosexuality is affected by both innate genetic factors and acquired environmental factors.
Therefore, there has always been a question about the role of genes in sexual orientation.
, Is there a "homosexual gene"? In August 2019, a large genome-wide association analysis (GWAS) of nearly 500,000 people published in Science magazine showed that there is no single "homosexual gene" that affects sexual orientation [1].
With the progress of society and the change of thinking, homosexuality has become more and more common in human society, and countries such as Denmark, the Netherlands, Germany and Canada have begun to recognize the legality of same-sex marriage, which has also made homosexuals more and more legal and moral.
The more recognized by the world.
Recently, researchers from the Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden, the world’s top medical school, published a titled: Cross-sex shifts in two brain imaging phenotypes and their relation to polygenic scores for same-sex sexual behavior in Human Brain Mapping.
:A study of 18,645 individuals from the UK Biobank.
The research team analyzed the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and genetic data of 18,645 people from the British BioBank.
Among them, 8432 were heterosexual men, 9488 were heterosexual women, 393 were non-heterosexual men, and 332 were non-heterosexual women.
The overall homosexuality ratio reached 3.
9%.This large-scale brain imaging study shows that the brains of homosexuals are different from those of non-homosexuals.
Among homosexuals, the distinction between the brains of gay men and lesbians has become blurred, and they are all changing to the opposite sex.
These findings preliminarily indicate that genetic factors related to homosexuality may contribute to the variation of certain brain structures.
The results of the study also showed that there was no evidence of a neurobiological link between same-sex sexual behavior and mental illness.
According to a paper published in Science in 2019, same-sex sexual behavior is not affected by a single gene, but by many genes.
However, even if these genetic factors are combined, it can only explain up to 25% of same-sex sexual behavior.
It shows that human sexual behavior is complicatedly affected by genetic and environmental factors.
Previous studies have proposed brain differences related to sexual orientation.
However, the neurobiological association of sexual orientation and the relationship between genetic factors and brain structural variations have not been well studied.
Through the analysis of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and genetic data of 8432 heterosexual men, 9488 heterosexual women, 393 non-heterosexual men, and 332 non-heterosexual women.
The research team found that the brains of homosexuals are different from those of non-homosexuals.
Among homosexuals, the distinction between the brains of gay men and lesbians has become blurred, and they are all changing to the opposite sex.
According to reports of homosexual behavior, certain brain structures of homosexual men or women will change to the opposite sex, that is, the so-called transgender transition occurs.
These differences mainly occur in areas of the brain involved in sensory (including visual) information processing.
These findings preliminarily indicate that genetic factors related to homosexuality may contribute to the variation of certain brain structures.
Are genes at work? The new study found that genetic susceptibility or polygenic scores for same-sex sexual behaviors are related to brain structure, suggesting that genes may play a role in explaining some sex-related variations in the brain.
However, these genetic associations are weak, and there are also other environmental factors, such as sex hormones.
As sexual minorities face a greater risk of mental illness, the research team decided to further investigate the correlation between common mental illness and victimization experience and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) performance.
The results of the study showed that there was no evidence of a neurobiological link between same-sex sexual behavior and mental illness.
These findings support the minority pressure theory, which suggests that for some people, mental illness may be the result of social pressures associated with minority groups, such as stigma and discrimination.
Neurobiological basis The purpose of this research is to increase our neurobiological knowledge of human sexual behavior and to clarify the origin of differences in mental health related to sexual behavior.
The research team also hopes to contribute to enhancing social understanding and reducing the stigma of homosexuality, thereby improving the mental health of sexual minorities.
In many countries and social groups, many homosexuals are still discriminated against because they believe that homosexuality is a choice or even mental disorder.
These findings run counter to the above-mentioned viewpoints and indicate that same-sex sexual behavior has a neurobiological basis.
The complex multifactorial researchers emphasize that this study cannot draw any conclusions about causality, and that magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) cannot provide information about the functional involvement of brain regions.
In addition, genetic information and MRI data cannot be used to predict an individual’s sexual orientation.
It is still unclear what the relationship between this brain difference and homosexuality is, or how genes affect the structure, function, and sexual behavior of the brain.
These mechanisms are complex and multi-factorial.
This study is the largest neuroimaging study on same-sex sexual behavior to date, and the first imaging genetics study on same-sex sexual behavior.
The study proves that homosexual behavior is related to structural neurobiology.
Although its influence is small, it may also have hereditary effects on brain structure.
The study also showed that the neurological correlation of same-sex sexual behavior has nothing to do with differences in mental health and experience of victimization.
The observed differences in mental health related to same-sex sexual behavior highlight the importance of improving medical care to alleviate the mental health problems faced by sexual minorities.
Link to the paper: https://science.
sciencemag.
org/content/365/6456/eaat7693.
fullhttps://onlinelibrary.
wiley.
com/doi/10.
1002/hbm.
25370 Open for reprint
Therefore, there has always been a question about the role of genes in sexual orientation.
, Is there a "homosexual gene"? In August 2019, a large genome-wide association analysis (GWAS) of nearly 500,000 people published in Science magazine showed that there is no single "homosexual gene" that affects sexual orientation [1].
With the progress of society and the change of thinking, homosexuality has become more and more common in human society, and countries such as Denmark, the Netherlands, Germany and Canada have begun to recognize the legality of same-sex marriage, which has also made homosexuals more and more legal and moral.
The more recognized by the world.
Recently, researchers from the Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden, the world’s top medical school, published a titled: Cross-sex shifts in two brain imaging phenotypes and their relation to polygenic scores for same-sex sexual behavior in Human Brain Mapping.
:A study of 18,645 individuals from the UK Biobank.
The research team analyzed the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and genetic data of 18,645 people from the British BioBank.
Among them, 8432 were heterosexual men, 9488 were heterosexual women, 393 were non-heterosexual men, and 332 were non-heterosexual women.
The overall homosexuality ratio reached 3.
9%.This large-scale brain imaging study shows that the brains of homosexuals are different from those of non-homosexuals.
Among homosexuals, the distinction between the brains of gay men and lesbians has become blurred, and they are all changing to the opposite sex.
These findings preliminarily indicate that genetic factors related to homosexuality may contribute to the variation of certain brain structures.
The results of the study also showed that there was no evidence of a neurobiological link between same-sex sexual behavior and mental illness.
According to a paper published in Science in 2019, same-sex sexual behavior is not affected by a single gene, but by many genes.
However, even if these genetic factors are combined, it can only explain up to 25% of same-sex sexual behavior.
It shows that human sexual behavior is complicatedly affected by genetic and environmental factors.
Previous studies have proposed brain differences related to sexual orientation.
However, the neurobiological association of sexual orientation and the relationship between genetic factors and brain structural variations have not been well studied.
Through the analysis of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and genetic data of 8432 heterosexual men, 9488 heterosexual women, 393 non-heterosexual men, and 332 non-heterosexual women.
The research team found that the brains of homosexuals are different from those of non-homosexuals.
Among homosexuals, the distinction between the brains of gay men and lesbians has become blurred, and they are all changing to the opposite sex.
According to reports of homosexual behavior, certain brain structures of homosexual men or women will change to the opposite sex, that is, the so-called transgender transition occurs.
These differences mainly occur in areas of the brain involved in sensory (including visual) information processing.
These findings preliminarily indicate that genetic factors related to homosexuality may contribute to the variation of certain brain structures.
Are genes at work? The new study found that genetic susceptibility or polygenic scores for same-sex sexual behaviors are related to brain structure, suggesting that genes may play a role in explaining some sex-related variations in the brain.
However, these genetic associations are weak, and there are also other environmental factors, such as sex hormones.
As sexual minorities face a greater risk of mental illness, the research team decided to further investigate the correlation between common mental illness and victimization experience and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) performance.
The results of the study showed that there was no evidence of a neurobiological link between same-sex sexual behavior and mental illness.
These findings support the minority pressure theory, which suggests that for some people, mental illness may be the result of social pressures associated with minority groups, such as stigma and discrimination.
Neurobiological basis The purpose of this research is to increase our neurobiological knowledge of human sexual behavior and to clarify the origin of differences in mental health related to sexual behavior.
The research team also hopes to contribute to enhancing social understanding and reducing the stigma of homosexuality, thereby improving the mental health of sexual minorities.
In many countries and social groups, many homosexuals are still discriminated against because they believe that homosexuality is a choice or even mental disorder.
These findings run counter to the above-mentioned viewpoints and indicate that same-sex sexual behavior has a neurobiological basis.
The complex multifactorial researchers emphasize that this study cannot draw any conclusions about causality, and that magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) cannot provide information about the functional involvement of brain regions.
In addition, genetic information and MRI data cannot be used to predict an individual’s sexual orientation.
It is still unclear what the relationship between this brain difference and homosexuality is, or how genes affect the structure, function, and sexual behavior of the brain.
These mechanisms are complex and multi-factorial.
This study is the largest neuroimaging study on same-sex sexual behavior to date, and the first imaging genetics study on same-sex sexual behavior.
The study proves that homosexual behavior is related to structural neurobiology.
Although its influence is small, it may also have hereditary effects on brain structure.
The study also showed that the neurological correlation of same-sex sexual behavior has nothing to do with differences in mental health and experience of victimization.
The observed differences in mental health related to same-sex sexual behavior highlight the importance of improving medical care to alleviate the mental health problems faced by sexual minorities.
Link to the paper: https://science.
sciencemag.
org/content/365/6456/eaat7693.
fullhttps://onlinelibrary.
wiley.
com/doi/10.
1002/hbm.
25370 Open for reprint
