Lancet Psychiatry: Plasma long-chain fatty acids have a protective effect on schizophrenia

Studies have reported the characteristics of reduced plasma polyunsaturated fatty acid concentrations in patients with schizophrenia and patients with super high risk of psychosis
.

Although some studies have reported changes in the concentration of polyunsaturated fatty acids in patients with very high risk of psychosis or patients with first-onset psychosis when they are not taking antipsychotic drugs, it cannot be ruled out that it is caused by poor diet caused by disease or confusion caused by social or other dietary factors.

Hannah J Jones et al.
conducted research to determine whether omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acid concentrations are causally related to schizophrenia
.

The results of the study were published in the journal Lancet Psychiatry

Hannah J Jones et al.

Hannah J Jones et al.
conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomized study, using the inverse variance-weighted two-sample Mendelian randomization method to assess the exposure-outcome relationship, which used fatty acid concentration and schizophrenia genome-wide association studies ( GWAS s) The result
.

The weighted median method, weighted model method and Mendelian randomized Egger regression method were used for sensitivity analysis

GWAS

The study found that the concentration of long-chain-3 and long-chain-6 fatty acids was associated with a lower risk of schizophrenia (for example, the negative variance weighted ratio of docosahexaenoic acid [OR] 0.
83 [95% CI 0.
75-0.
92] )
.

Concentrations of long-chain-3 and long-chain-6 fatty acids are associated with a lower risk of schizophrenia

In contrast, there is insufficient evidence that short-chain omega-3 and short-chain omega-6 fatty acids are associated with an increased risk of schizophrenia (inverse variance weighted OR of α-linolenic acid 1.
07 [95% CI 0.
98-1.
18])
.

Multivariate Mendelian random analysis evaluates the direct effects of omega-3 fatty acids on schizophrenia and regulates omega-6 fatty acids

Multivariate Mendelian random analysis evaluates the direct effects of omega-3 fatty acids on schizophrenia and regulates omega-6 fatty acids

Through sensitivity analysis and FADS single SNP analysis, the results are consistent, indicating that the concentration of long-chain omega-3 and long-chain omega-6 fatty acids is associated with a low risk of schizophrenia (OR 0.
74 [95% CI 0.
58-0.
96], while The concentration of short-chain omega-3 and short-chain omega-6 fatty acids is associated with an increased risk of schizophrenia (for example, OR 1.
08 [95% CI 1.
02-1.
15], α-linolenic acid)
.

Long-chain omega-3 and omega-6 long chain fatty acid concentrations and low risk of schizophrenia associated long chain omega-3 and omega-6 long chain fatty acid concentrations and low risk of schizophrenia associated short-chain and short-chain omega-3 Concentrations of omega-6 fatty acids are linked to increased risk of schizophrenia

Multivariate Mendelian random analysis evaluates the direct effects of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids on schizophrenia, and regulates blood lipid measurement

Multivariate Mendelian random analysis evaluates the direct effects of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids on schizophrenia, and regulates blood lipid measurement

In contrast, estimates from ELOVL2 single SNP analysis are less precise and compatible with the increased risk and protective effects measured by each fatty acid
.

Multivariate Mendelian randomization studies have shown that the protective effect of docosahexaenoic acid on schizophrenia still exists after adjusting other lipids, although the evidence is slightly weaker (multivariate inverse variance weighted OR 0.
84 [95% CI 0.
71- 1·01])
.

The results of this study are consistent with the protective effects of long-chain omega-3 and long-chain omega-6 fatty acids on schizophrenia, indicating that patients with schizophrenia may have difficulty converting short-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids into long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids
.

Further research is needed to determine whether long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplements or a diet rich can help prevent the onset of schizophrenia

The results of this study are consistent with the protective effects of long-chain omega-3 and long-chain omega-6 fatty acids on schizophrenia, indicating that patients with schizophrenia may have difficulty converting short-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids into long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids

Jones HJ, Borges MC, Carnegie R, et al.

Jones HJ, Borges MC, Carnegie R, et al.
Associations between plasma fatty acid concentrations and schizophrenia: a two-sample Mendelian randomisation study [published online ahead of print, 2021 Nov 1].
Lancet Psychiatry.
2021;S2215-0366(21 )00286-8.
doi:10.
1016/S2215-0366(21)00286-8 Jones HJ, Borges MC, Carnegie R, et al.
Associations between plasma fatty acid concentrations and schizophrenia: a two-sample Mendelian randomisation study [published online ahead .
of print, 2021 Nov 1] Lancet Psychiatry 2021; S2215-0366 (21) 00286-8 doi:.
.
10.
1016 / S2215-0366 (21) 00286-8 in this message