Kazakhstan vigorously promotes beekeeping industry

Beekeeping is a special industry in Kazakhstan The beekeeping farms in Kazakhstan are mainly concentrated in East Kazakhstan, which has a history of more than 200 years After the collapse of the Soviet Union, the beekeeping industry in Kazakhstan has experienced a long period of depression In recent years, with the high attention of the Dongha government, the beekeeping industry is gradually on the way to revitalization I Development of beekeeping industry The Soviet Union used to be one of the major beekeeping countries in the world, with the number of bee colonies and honey production ranking first in the world In the Soviet era, Kazakhstan's beekeeping industry ranked third after Russia and Ukraine At that time, a beekeeping test station was set up in Almaty In 1959, the test station moved to ustykamennogolsk, Dongha state, and completed a lot of scientific research work in the system of all Soviet Academy of Agricultural Sciences There used to be more than 5000 bee colonies and the largest bee product production complex in Dongha Prefecture The complex can use honey, pollen, propolis, bee venom and royal jelly to produce various bee products It has a large number of honeycombs wintering rooms, which can be used by bees to automatically adjust the microclimate In the mid-1990s, a regional agricultural scientific research institute was established in Dongha Prefecture, and the experimental station became an affiliated Department of the Academy of Agricultural Sciences In the following years, the bee breeding experimental station never recovered In 2008, the test station was reduced due to the low efficiency of administrative management and improper use of scientific production base In two years, beekeeping was completely ignored Later, the new governor sapalbayev came to Dongha, and the beekeeping industry started to develop rapidly II Significance of developing beekeeping industry With the support of sapalbayev, the new governor of Dongha state, beekeeping has become one of the promising agricultural sectors in the state 1 Beekeeping helps to increase farmers' income Beekeeping production is an industry that obtains economic resources through rational utilization of natural resources Beekeeping does not occupy arable land, does not use or uses less feed, has a large profit and no pollution, and belongs to the environmental friendly agricultural economic sector Dongha state is rich in nectar plants, inhabits the famous Altai bee colony, as well as the excellent beekeeping tradition, with unique congenital conditions 2 Bee products are irreplaceable export commodities The development of beekeeping industry not only increases employment, but also creates foreign exchange Not only honey but also bee products are very popular in the international market At present, bee products officially listed as commodities include: honey, royal jelly, bee pollen, beeswax, propolis, bee venom and bee body Bee products attract more and more attention in food, beverage, medical treatment, light industry, agriculture and animal husbandry, and the developed countries demand more honey and royal jelly 3 Bee pollination is an effective measure to increase agricultural production Honeybee is a social insect Honeybee can form a conditioned reflection on the fragrance of different plants Every time they leave the nest, they usually only collect the nectar and pollen of the same crop The effectiveness of honeybee pollination is incomparable with other insects, and the honeybee living in groups plays a huge role in pollination of plants 4 Bee products are rich in nutrition, which helps to improve the physical quality of consumers For example, royal jelly is the only super nutriment recognized by nutritionists in the world that can be directly drunk It is called "liquid gold" In addition to containing high active nutrients such as polypeptide, trypsin, royal jelly acid, there are precious substances such as acetylcholine, which can effectively enhance human memory, nourish skin, improve skin quality, improve human immunity and prolong life III measures taken Because the development of beekeeping industry has a good effect on economic development and national health, the state and Dongha prefecture have taken active measures to support its rapid development 1 Policy support In order to develop the beekeeping industry and improve the enthusiasm of beekeepers, the governor of Dongha state proposed to amend the beekeeping law, which was supported by President Nazarbayev After the bill was approved by the parliament, the beekeepers were supported by a series of preferential policies In the last three years, the number of bee colonies and honey production in Dongha has tripled Last year alone, Dongha state allocated 21 million tenge for the development of beekeeping industry The support for beekeeping industry is divided into three directions: industrial production and application, establishment of breeding network and development of beekeeping feed base At present, a product processing workshop has been established on the basis of the beekeeping Department base, and a bee pathology research laboratory will also be established and beekeepers will be trained For this reason, the teaching materials of beekeeping have also been translated into Kazakh 2 Increase publicity The international honey festival held in Dongha Prefecture is of great significance to the promotion of beekeeping industry With the support of Dongha state government and the operation of national beekeeping Union and Dongha state beekeeping Association, scholars and beekeepers from more than 20 countries in the world participated in the two international honey festivals in 2010 and 2011 and discussed the development prospect of beekeeping industry in the European continent During the second international bee Festival last summer, the Russian Federation Academy of agricultural and beekeeping research, Kazakhstan national beekeeping Union and Israel ramdani beekeeping Co., Ltd signed a memorandum of cooperation The agreements signed between Kazakhstan and Turkey, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan and China have injected new vitality into the development of beekeeping industry, the enhancement of international exchanges and the improvement of sector efficiency Participants in the honey Festival established the Eurasian beekeeping club, which is currently headquartered in ust kamenogorsk The club helps beekeepers in mainland Europe to exchange and share industry experience with each other This summer, the third international honey festival will be held in Dongha Prefecture, which is larger than the previous two During the festival, it is planned to hold a scientific practice conference and publish a collection of scientific research materials Activities include the development and utilization of innovative technology, the research and establishment of bee gene pool and the development of sales market 3 Develop new products At present, the beekeeping industry in Dongha has awakened, and there are many beekeeping consortiums They work closely with the beekeeping Association of Dongha and consult with foreign partners on the development of production and processing capacity In the future, it is likely that bee products will be divided into selected honey and candy honey, and honey beer and honey beverage will be produced Honey beer will be sold to Baltic countries where honey beer is popular In addition, the adopted beekeeping development plan for 2012-2016 also proposed the establishment of a new beehive factory and an experimental workshop with advanced equipment and bee venom therapy At present, we are still studying the problem of establishing breeding grounds for breeding bees in South Kazakhstan and around Almaty IV problems Although the beekeeping industry in Kazakhstan has made remarkable achievements in the short term, there are still some problems to be solved 1 Beekeeping technology and infrastructure need to be improved At present, beekeeping industry is the most conservative industry in the field of agriculture The practical technology of beekeeping industry has not changed in a century There is a big gap between the level of beekeeping technology and infrastructure in Kazakhstan and that in developed countries In western countries, a beekeeper can automatically take care of 300-1000 bee colonies, while in Altay hive, Kazakhstan, the index is only 65-85 bee colonies In response, Kazakhstan honey costs 7-8 times more In the aspect of prevention and control of bee colony disease and detection of bee product ingredients, Kazakhstan lacks relevant equipment and laboratories, and the cost of analysis in foreign laboratories is too high The problem of antibiotic and pesticide residues in bee products has not been solved so far, which has a certain impact on the export of honey in Kazakhstan In addition, although the beekeeping industry is rich in resources, its utilization rate is not high and the number of bee farms is small Efforts should also be made to breed excellent varieties and cultivate professional beekeepers 2 Kazakhs are not keen on sweets At the same time of export, we need to expand the domestic consumer market, so we need to further publicize the benefits of honey in order to make the people accept it For this reason, the governor of Dongha state keeps close contact with experts of the National Food Research Institute, and receives expert guidance to try to add bee products to the meals of students, athletes and hospital patients 3 Enhance brand effect Altay honey used to be well-known in the world, but due to the low professional and technical level of some beekeepers, the quality of honey is low and adulterated If consumers buy fake honey, they will be disappointed Therefore, it is a long way to develop Altay honey brand and new products in the international market To sum up, there is no doubt that the beekeeping industry in Kazakhstan's East Kazakhstan will continue to be revitalized, because this is first out of the consideration of the health of Kazakhstan's residents, and second can bring huge benefits to Kazakhstan's economic development (Zhang Shengpeng)