Jia Youling: 2002 annual report of China's animal husbandry and feed industry

Introduction: in 2002, the animal husbandry and feed industry in China continued to develop steadily and healthily With the joint efforts of the whole industry, we have overcome the influence of various adverse factors, with stable growth of production, continuous optimization of structure, relative balance of supply and demand of livestock products, stable market price, greater improvement of product quality and steady increase of industrial benefits, making new contributions to the increase of farmers' income and the development of rural economy Influenced by the changes in the consumption structure of meat and other factors, the market situation of pigs was slightly worse than that of the previous year The average prices of pork, live pigs and piglets decreased by 4% - 8% year on year As the prices of compound feed and corn also decreased by 3% and 7% respectively, the price of pig food in the whole year was 5.36:1, and the comprehensive benefits were slightly better than that of the previous year The average profit of a pig is about 70 yuan After more than two years of low price fluctuation, the price of eggs began to rise at the end of 2001 The average price of eggs increased by 5.8% year on year, and the price of eggs and grains was 5.15:1, which was significantly higher than that of last year The production of laying hens remained stable The broiler market was once affected by the decline in exports, with prices down nearly 3% year-on-year However, due to the reduction of production costs, producers can still obtain certain profits High quality local yellow chicken breeds speed up, the quantity increases, the market is optimistic, the price is about twice higher than ordinary chicken Waterfowl also have good benefits and rapid production development Judging from various factors, the annual income of an laying chicken is about 10 yuan, that of a broiler is about 1.5 yuan, and that of a high-quality yellow chicken is about 3-5 yuan The market demand for beef and mutton has maintained a sustained high-speed growth In the northern dairy Province, the dairy cattle storage and milk production continued to increase, while in the southern province, the dairy industry also showed a strong momentum of development In addition to some fluctuations in some areas where the level of industrialization is not high, the national milk price is basically the same as that of the previous year The annual profit of raising a cow is more than 3000 yuan It is estimated that in 2002, China's meat output will be 65.5 million tons, egg output will be 23.6 million tons, milk output will be 13.5 million tons, up 3.4%, 1.0% and 20.2% respectively over the previous year, and feed output will be 82 million tons, up 5.6% over the previous year According to the survey results of the first three quarters of the National Bureau of statistics, the total output value of animal husbandry in 2002 increased by more than 5% compared with the previous year, and the per capita cash income of farmers from selling animal products was nearly 500 yuan Animal husbandry is still an important source of farmers' income New breakthroughs in key work In the past year, animal husbandry and feed departments at all levels have earnestly implemented the spirit of the central rural work conference and the national agricultural work conference, closely focused on the key work put forward by the Ministry of agriculture, and in accordance with the work requirements of "focusing on the key points, focusing on the key points" and "achieving breakthroughs at the joint points", made concerted efforts to focus on the key links and achieve the new goal The breakthrough has promoted the overall development of the industry In order to meet the needs of adjusting the structure of livestock products and improving the market competitiveness of livestock products, the Ministry of dairy industry and beef cattle and sheep advantage regional development plan has been formulated It is planned that in the next few years, by giving full play to the comparative advantages of natural resources and economic society, regional layout, large-scale production, standardized management, industrialized operation, centralized financial and material resources will be realized, and a batch of excellent industrial belts and industrial zones for animal products will be built In order to adapt to the strategic requirements of "priority to the development of advantageous regions", various regions have put the cultivation of local advantageous industries and the improvement of regional layout in an outstanding position and made remarkable progress in structural adjustment Shandong Province has determined four leading industries, such as meat, beef and sheep, and adopted a series of specific measures to make the advantageous industries bigger and stronger Hebei Province is actively building the Central Plains cattle and sheep meat and the Yellow River Beach green dairy demonstration zone Chongqing has basically formed its own characteristic industrial belt by taking advantage of the different resource advantages of the suburbs, the Midwest, Wuling mountains and the Three Gorges Reservoir area Starting from the reality, Shaanxi Province vigorously develops the dominant livestock species, and initially forms the beef cattle, goat and dairy industry belt with obvious regional characteristics Xinjiang autonomous region actively constructs the industrial belt of milk, high-quality beef, mutton and fine wool In Ningxia, the construction of dairy, Tan sheep, beef cattle and other industrial areas at the same time, the high-quality forage industrial area will be included in the construction and development focus Through the implementation of a series of specific measures, such as scientific planning, policy support, project promotion and industrialization drive, a new pattern of animal husbandry development with prominent advantageous industries and reasonable structure is gradually forming To speed up the breeding speed of improved dairy cattle, the focus of improved dairy engineering projects is inclined to the dairy industry, and the investment in the construction of improved dairy cattle breeding system is further increased The capital investment is more than half of the total amount of improved dairy engineering projects, and the total investment and inclination are unprecedented The supervision and management of bull breeding stations were strengthened We organized on-site inspection and frozen semen quality test on 36 bull breeding stations nationwide, and re issued production and operation licenses for breeding livestock and poultry to 26 qualified stations The competent departments at all levels vigorously promote the application of embryo transfer technology in the production as one of the 13 practical things promised by our ministry to the farmers We have organized and implemented the "ten thousand high-yield cow embryo transfer project for enriching the people" in nine provinces, which has actually completed the transfer of 15000 cows and is expected to produce more than 30000 high-yield cows Driven by the project, the work of all regions has made rapid progress The total number of cow embryo transfer in China is nearly 40000, an increase over the previous year In order to alleviate the shortage of improved breeds of dairy cows, local governments have given strong support to the breeding of improved breeds of dairy cows in terms of policies, funds and technologies, with 22000 imported improved breeds of dairy cows and 44000 embryos of dairy cows, the biggest year for the introduction of improved breeds "Clenbuterol" management work continues to go deep into the competent departments of feed industry at all levels and relevant departments, and always maintains the situation of high pressure and severe beating, pushing the "Clenbuterol" inspection and prohibition work to a new climax Our department has formulated and issued a plan to rectify the diversion of "Clenbuterol" and other illegal drugs in feed and animal products By means of general survey, unified inspection, sampling inspection and other means, more efforts have been made to detect feed, feed additive production enterprises and large-scale breeding enterprises by categories, with a total of 28000 batches of feed and drinking water samples tested We will work with the public security departments to strengthen the supervision of major cases in Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Guizhou and other places, and trace the source of production and the culprits A total of 1266 illegal cases have been investigated and dealt with in various regions More than 2000 grams of illegal drugs such as "Clenbuterol" and their diluents, 193 tons of feed products containing illegal drugs, have been seized 65 persons were transferred to the judiciary, 8 of whom were subject to criminal penalties "Clenbuterol" rapid testing agent strip is widely used in the "net pulling" test in the farm, which improves the detection speed and reduces the detection cost Through comprehensive rectification, the momentum of illegal production, sale and use of illegal drugs has been further curbed, and the detection rate of "lean meat essence" has declined significantly, which has truly moved forward the regulatory threshold and formed a good social atmosphere for all illegal acts and people who violate the law In the fourth quarter of 2002, the detection rate of "Clenbuterol" was 2.8%, 3.8% lower than the same period of last year; the detection rate of feed products was from 0.7% to 0.1% Last year, the Ministry of veterinary medicine announced the list of banned veterinary drugs and other compounds for edible animals, issued the management measures for veterinary drug labels and instructions, and implemented the batch issuance system for veterinary biological products Further revised and improved 250 veterinary drug residue limit standards, newly formulated 12 veterinary drug residue monitoring method standards, formulated and published 33 prohibited and restricted veterinary drug inspection methods including chloramphenicol The competent departments at all levels of the industry strengthened the residue detection work, and more than 20000 batches of samples were detected throughout the year All localities should strengthen the supervision of the production, operation and use of veterinary drugs, strengthen the management of the safe use of veterinary drugs, organize various forms of training activities, guide and supervise the establishment of a drug use record system in the breeding farms, and implement the system of drug withdrawal period Jointly issue documents with the State Drug Administration to cut off the supply of raw materials for banned veterinary drugs We organized the inspection of banned drugs, abolished 8 national veterinary drug standards, 2 industrial standards, 207 local standards and 1057 approval numbers of banned drugs 29.6 tons of banned veterinary drug APIs and 1.56 million boxes of preparations were seized and destroyed Last year, in response to the EU, Japan, South Korea and other countries and regions' import ban on China's livestock products, our ministry strengthened coordination with relevant departments, adjusted some regulations and standards, and carried out arduous negotiations Local industry authorities and relevant enterprises also actively cooperated to make important progress in lifting the ban At present, the European Union has begun to lift the ban on the classification of livestock products in China In May 2002, the animal immune labeling system was fully implemented, and the administrative measures for animal immune labeling were promulgated and implemented The implementation of the immune labeling system was accelerated Supervision institutions of animal epidemic prevention at all levels shall strengthen the supervision of the labeling system, and strengthen the inspection of immune ear markers in key links All grassroots epidemic prevention units spare no effort to invest a lot of manpower and material resources in the immunization link, and improve the wearing rate of ear tags At present, in addition to Xinjiang and Tibet autonomous regions, the immune labeling system has been fully implemented in the whole country, with 80% of the work carried out at the county level and about 40% of the livestock on hand wearing ear tags 2002 is the key year for the project construction in the demonstration area of non regulated animal epidemic area The construction of the project will be completed and acceptance will begin this year In the past year, our department has further strengthened the supervision of project construction, carried out a comprehensive inspection every two months, and carried out pre acceptance before the end of the year Relevant provinces and cities in the project area have made every effort to strengthen the implementation and supervision of the project At present, the construction of Sichuan Basin and Jiaodong Peninsula project has achieved preliminary results, and the construction of other project areas has developed smoothly The central funds have been fully paid in, and the supporting funds of some cities (counties) such as Shandong and Jilin have exceeded the prescribed proportion The construction of laboratories at all levels has been basically completed, which can meet the needs of general survey, diagnosis and daily monitoring of animal epidemics Under the situation that the export of livestock products in China once declined, the export momentum of livestock products in the demonstration area was strong, with the export volume of livestock products reaching more than 500000 tons and the export amount of nearly US $1 billion The year-on-year growth rate of exports of livestock products in Sichuan, Chongqing and other places is more than double The impact of the demonstration area project in the unregulated animal epidemic area has been further expanded at home and abroad, which has promoted the opening of animal husbandry to the outside world and created a safe and loose environment for investment attraction The major policies and measures for grassland protection and construction have basically established several opinions on strengthening grassland protection and construction, which is the first special document of the State Council on grassland work since the founding of the people's Republic of China, an important part of the national ecological construction policy and a guide for the future