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20, 2021 // -- In a recent study published in the international journal Journal of Clinical Investigation, scientists from cardiff University and other institutions found a special way to target a common viral virus (human cytocytovirus), which affects the health of one in 200 newborns in the UK, but currently has very limited treatment.
human cytomegalovirus is a "master" hidden in the body's immune system, so antibodies and T-cells in the body cannot attack other viruses like the current coronavirus.
the study, researchers found a new class of antibodies in the lab that do not kill the virus directly, but instead mark infected cells so that the immune system can detect them.
the immune system finds these cells, it kills the virus immediately.
researchers have filed a patent application for this unique immunotherapy, which they hope will be used to help treat HCMV infections, which can cause severe disability and even death in newborns.
Photo Source: Unsplash/CC0 Public Domain Researchers need to do more research to ensure the treatment is safe and effective in humans, but they hope the technology will eventually be used to fight other infectious diseases, and researchers are now using this method to find new antibodies for use in cancer therapies.
virologist Richard Stanton says the treatment of HCMV is a huge challenge because the virus uses different "tricks" to evade the immune response of host bodies. In the
article, researchers developed a special way for the immune system to observe the virus and target it, and HCMV induces long-term dry pressing in humans, and is a major cause of serious illness or death in immunodeficiency populations, such as patients receiving organ transplants or people living with HIV.
vaccine is essential to fighting viral infections, especially congenital diseases, but there is currently no vaccine and very limited treatment options.
researchers analyzed whether antibody-dependent cytotoxicity (ADCC, antibody-dependent cellular cytoxicity) could be used for therapeutic purposes, and ADCC is a specific type of immune response that uses antibodies to wrap targeted cells and then be identified and killed by host immune cells.
researchers used proteomics techniques to analyze the properties of specific molecules on the surface of infected cells and combine them with immunosupervicing techniques to identify ADCC targets;
in the lab, the researchers achieved strong activation of ADCC, which succeeded in killing infected cells.
Finally, researcher Stanton said that the identification of new ADCC targets not only helps to understand the body's natural immunological mechanisms against HCMV and develop new therapeutic strategies;
() original source: Virginia-Maria Vlahava et al. Monoclonal antibodies targeting nonstructural viral antigens can activate ADCC against human cytomegalovirus, Journal of Clinical Investigation (2021). DOI:10.1172/JCI139296