JACC | Data on 770,000 people: An antioxidant diet does not reduce the risk of coronary heart disease!

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is one of the leading causes of death among the world, causing about 360,000 and 1.78 million deaths each year in the United States and Europe, respectively.
CHD risk factors include smoking, exercise deprivation, nutritional deficiencies, overweight and obesity, hyperlipidemia, high blood pressure, diabetes and lack of sleep/sleep, while interventions to improve these risk factors significantly reduce chD risk.
addition to the above traditional risk factors, oxidative stress is also considered an important part of the development of CHD.
, antioxidants, removal of free fundamentals to reduce oxidative stress-induced damage is considered the key to primary CHD prevention.
because diet is a daily and best regulatable factor, antioxidants in the diet, especially vitamins E and C and carotenoids, are considered the most easily available antioxidants.
based on this hypothesis, a large number of studies have been conducted to explore the relationship between antioxidants and primary CHD.
in a number of observational studies, whether dietary composition, supplement intake, or concentrations of vitamins E and C and carotenoids in the blood, were associated with a reduced risk of primary CHD.
, however, many clinical trials of antioxidants to prevent coronary heart disease have not been successful.
people can't help but wonder, what is the answer to the question? Is the type of antioxidant selected wrong? Not enough? Not long enough to use? Is there a problem with the analysis method? Or is antioxidants not really related to coronary heart disease? A team of experts from Leiden University Medical Center in the Netherlands suspects it may be related to insufficient evidence for observational research.
, the team used two samples from the Mendel Randomization (MR) study to assess a possible causal relationship between an antioxidant diet and primary CHD risk.
the results were published in the latest issue of the Journal of the American College of Cardiology, JACC.
data from the study were obtained from three databases: the CARDIoGRAMplusC4D Alliance (60801; 123,504 control subjects), the UK Biolibrary (25,306; 46,2011 control subjects) and the FinnGen study (7123; 89,376 control subjects).
total of 768,121 subjects.
researchers first retrieved single nucleotide polymorphisms from published data, including vitamins E and C, retinol, β-carotene, and lycopene, to assess their absolute levels and metabolites and use them as genetic tool variables.
then MR analysis of each exposure factor by result database, followed by meta-analysis.
showed that, in general, there was no causal relationship between antioxidants and CHD risk in the genetically predicted cycle.
for absolute antioxidants, chD's OR values are between retinol and β-carotene 0.94 (95% CI: 0.63 to 1.41) and 1.03 (95% CI:0.97 to 1.10), respectively, for absolute antioxidants.
further analysis showed that for metabolites, for every 10 times increase in levels, the OR values of γ-tocopherol and ascortic acid were 0.93 (95% CI:0.82 to 1.06) and 1.01 (95% CI:0.95 to 1.08), respectively.
However, in comments published at the same time, some scholars believe that the study does not negate the role of oxidative stress in the development of atherosclerosis, and that further research is needed on the existence of an unknown antioxidant that can interfere with morbidity by altering lipoprotein modification to obtain clinical benefits.
, the evidence in this study does not support the protective effect of high levels of antioxidant diets on CHD risk.
, taking antioxidants to raise blood levels of antioxidants may not be significant in preventing primary CHD.
: Jiao L, et al. Diet-Derived Circulating Antioxidants and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease: A Mendelian Randomization Study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2021 Jan, 77 (1) 45-54MedSci Original Source: MedSci Original Copyright Notice: All text, images and audio and video materials on this website that indicate "Source: Mets Medicine" or "Source: MedSci Original" are owned by Mays Medical and are not authorized to reproduce any media, website or individual, and are authorized to reproduce with the words "Source: Met Medical".
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