iScience Anatomy! How do shortened immune system subjects help regulate cell activity?

October 31, 2020 // -- A recent publication in the international journal iScience entitled "Non-full-length Water-Soluble CXCR4QTY and CCR5QTY Chemokine Receptors: Factor for Connected Truncate" But Functional Membrane Receptors" study, by scientists from institutions such as the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, found that shortened versions of immuno-related protein receptors that have long been considered incomplete and inseroid, or can be combined with natural counterparts on cell membranes, may indicate new drugs, therapies, and bionic body parts.
Although carrying reduced-structure coercion factor subjects was previously thought to be less important in biological research, the researchers found that two shortened versions of the subjects, called CXCR4 and CXCR5, could bind to the corresponding mating and play a key role in the functioning of proteins.
Shuguang Zhang, a researcher, said the unexpected discovery of short receptors identifying their respective bodies may help researchers recognize a new regulatory system in biology that is like our hands holding a cup of tea, and we don't need five fingers to pick up a cup, and two fingers is enough.
Photo Source: MIT Media Lab's shortened liber protein is insoluble in water in its original form and requires detergent to maintain its structure, making it difficult for researchers to replace hydrophobic ammonia with similarly structured hydrophobic amino acids in order to avoid the use of detergents The acid, which converts the receptor protein into a water-soluble form, helps researchers study the physiological and functional properties of the chimogenic factor receptor without the need for detergents, and the receptor is transformed into a non-water-soluble form in the body for observation.
's re-transformation of the original mutation form of the shortened receptor not only expresses and locates on the cell membrane, interacting with its respective receptors, but also exhibits a full-length receptor regulation effect that blocks its reach to the cell surface, a phenomenon that needs to be explained later and more in-depth, and the researchers believe the findings may help develop new treatments for diseases such as cancer.
researcher Zhang says cancer cells often experience malfunctions in the cell signal transduction process, and in many cases overexploit G protein concedes, which include the coercion factors CXCR4 and CCR5, which can interfere with the cell's signaling pathline.
the interaction between the full-length subject and the cell surface protein may potentially block the invasion of the virus, thus effectively preventing the occurrence of infection.
In addition, researchers have developed water-soluble bait receptors that function as primitive receptors to absorb liants and reduce cancer metastasis, and the researchers say the water-soluble version of shortened receptors may provide a wealth of nano-component materials for the development of bionic sensor devices, unlike native membrane proteins, which are almost impossible to produce nanomaterials that require several kilograms of such devices.
if short and long-term subjects were as useful, researchers could easily scale up production by using chemically synthesized methods to make nanomaterials.
this small, shortened subject allows it to work on microscale-specific electronic sensor devices.
researchers' observations of shortened but functional CXCR4 and CCR5 also raise a number of questions, such as what is the smallest functional subject present in an organism? Whether all DNA sequences specifically encode non-full-length receptors raises many questions about pseudogenes, a truncated gene that researchers don't know exactly how many of these prosthetic genes have been studied at protein levels in cells and organisms.
researchers believe that the discovery of functional shortening receptors may have re-established questions about truncated genes.
As the researchers point out in the paper, some unexpected discoveries tend to lead to major breakthroughs in scientific research, such as the discovery of microRNAs, which were once ignored by scientists but are now recognized as an integral part of the gene regulation process, especially in highly evolved biological systems.
will continue to delve into how shortened immune system subjects can help regulate cell activity.
() References: Rui Qing, Fei Tao, Pranam Chatterjee, et al. Non-full-length Water-Soluble CXCR4QTY and CCR5QTY Chemokine Receptors: Accounting for Master for Mastered Truncated but Functional Resources Receptors, iScience (2020). DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101670 (2) Truncated immune system receptors may regulatory cellular activityyby Michaela Jarvis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology