Invite Postgraduates of botany to be "insect keeper"

Physical insecticidal lamp In hot summer, diseases and insect pests are particularly active in the farmland, and vegetables are most likely to exceed the standard of agricultural residues Recently, on the website of Tiansheng agriculture and animal husbandry, which focuses on "four no" vegetables, more than 100 kinds of fresh melons and vegetables can be put on the shelves every day, including all kinds of leafy vegetables and beans that are the most difficult to serve in hot days How to grow delicious vegetables in high temperature without using pesticides, chemical fertilizers, herbicides or growth hormones? Yesterday, the reporter braved the high temperature of 38 ℃ and walked into the vegetable shed of the farm to explore the mystery of the growth of agricultural products Reporter Sun Meixing scientific rotation to reduce the risk of diseases and insect pests into the Tiansheng farm in Yinzhou ancient forest Except for a few vegetables such as corn and carrot, most of the other vegetables are planted in the greenhouse Reporters walked into a cowpea greenhouse at will and opened the screen door, which was tightly protected There was a lot of green in it "People who have planted vegetables know that cowpeas are the most susceptible to insects In 2010, the cowpea poisoning in Hainan was caused by the application of highly toxic pesticides Our cowpeas here never use pesticides." Peng Cong, director of vegetable planting at Tiansheng farm, said that the largest number of cowpea pests are pod borer, bean borer and aphid Through comprehensive control measures, these pests are insufficient "After every crop of vegetables, we will kill the eggs and adults in the soil in the way of high-temperature closed shed, cover the plastic film on the ground surface, close the shed for three days, the surface temperature can reach 55 ℃ ~ 60 ℃, and the effect of killing insects is obvious In addition, we have close screens at the door of the shed, which make it difficult for pests to fly in There are more than 100 sets of insect catchers using the principles of color, light and taste around the shed to further block the invasion of pests " According to Peng Cong, reasonable rotation can also effectively reduce plant diseases and insect pests Each kind of vegetable diseases and insect pests are different Each rotation of different kinds of vegetables can significantly reduce plant diseases and insect pests However, there are many ways to fight with people and insects Occasionally, there are insects taking the lead At this time, the way of the farm is to find that there is a trend of expansion of pests No matter how big the vegetables grow, we should resolutely eradicate them all and then close the shed to kill them, so as to minimize the loss In the cowpea shed, the reporter opened a piece of cowpea leaves and occasionally saw one or two red spiders on it and a small ladybug with round armor crawling over it Another magic weapon of Tiansheng farm is to make insects with insects For this reason, a graduate student of Botany was specially introduced into the farm as a "insect keeper" In Tiansheng farm, there is a special "natural enemy breeding room" Technician Li xianqiong is a graduate student of Botany, whose job is to study all kinds of insects Ladybug is the natural enemy of aphid She put a piece of pumpkin leaves full of aphid into the transparent plastic box of Ladybug breeding, which is the favorite food of the heterogeneous ladybug "A ladybug can produce an average of about 50 eggs a day One month later, a" Ladybug agent team "will be formed to kill aphids in fruit trees and vegetable sheds A ladybug can eat 2000 aphids." "In addition, ladybugs can eat pine scale, pink scale, cotton scale, wood louse, mite and other pests," Li said At present, there are two kinds of natural enemies in the breeding room, i.e Ambrosia Cucurbita and carambola The former likes to eat red spider, rust tick, whitefly, thrips and other pests The latter is the nemesis of all kinds of longicorn, and it can also prey on Gideon and weevil When necessary, technicians can put them on fruit trees and vegetables at any time Rice straw, pig manure and rotten vegetable leaves are made into farmyard manure without chemical fertilizer How to grow vegetables and melons? The magic weapon of Tiansheng farm is home-made organic fertilizer There is a composting shed in the farm, including pig manure, cow manure, rapeseed cake, rice straw, melon and vegetable leaves In addition, natural agricultural preparations such as Tianhui green juice and Chinese Nutrition developed by the farm itself are added Indigenous microbial fermentation strains are added, and then advanced composting machine integration technology is used to ferment into natural farm organic fertilizer In the microbial research and development center of the farm, the reporter saw dozens of large and small pottery and glass jars, each with a unique name, such as indigenous microorganisms, Tianhui green juice, Chinese nutrition, Lactobacillus, enzymes, etc., which are used in crop and livestock breeding, and are a magic weapon to ensure that the farm vegetables are "four not used" Take some fresh rice balls and go to the remote forest of Siming Mountain Put the wooden box of rice balls in the forest and cover it with rice paper After two days, the rice balls are covered with mycelium This is the native microorganism collected naturally "The preparation made by indigenous microorganisms is particularly effective for the control of strawberry downy mildew, as well as for the control of grapes and small green vegetables." Wang Zhao, from the microbial research and development center of Tiansheng farm, told reporters that enzymes made of various fruits and brown sugar are the best growth agents for plants, which can make sunflowers, grapes and other plants grow large and strong; water-soluble calcium preparations made of eggs and vinegar are sprayed on vegetables such as peppers and eggplants to supplement calcium, not only the plants grow well, but also the results are more "At the beginning of using farmyard manure, there was no experience and many lessons At the beginning of planting cucumber, because the fertilizer was not enough, the growing cucumber was big and small Later, after exploration, the cucumber was added with indigenous microorganisms, enzymes and other nutrients, and then it began to grow." Wang Zhao said Today, Tiansheng farm has developed a set of planting methods without chemical fertilizer to increase the output of various "four no" vegetables year by year In the first year, the output of many varieties is only 30-40% of the normal planting method, and now the highest output can reach about 80% Cheng Susun, the fruit planting supervisor of Tiansheng farm, has many years of fruit planting experience before arriving at the farm However, before arriving at Tiansheng farm, he found it hard to imagine how the "four no's" fruit was planted "In grape planting, fruit expanding agent and flower protecting agent are generally used Now we use enzymes and Tianhui green juice to replace them We have achieved success in" Yong you No.1 " Now the output can reach about 80% of the ordinary planting method The taste of grapes can be felt after eating Last year, they were robbed as soon as they were put on the shelves." Cheng Susun said that at present, the farm is exploring an effective way to grow "four no" summer black grape Because this grape is easy to lose fruit, the output last year was only about 20% normal On the farm, the reporter saw a large area of weeds covered with a thick film "We don't use herbicides If we want to weed, we use this boring method The grass is smothered The hay can also be used in pigsty and as fertilizer." The usual headache weeds have become precious in Tiansheng farm According to the concept of natural ecological agriculture, grass can reduce the soil temperature, maintain the soil humidity, and is conducive to the growth of microorganisms and crops At the same time, it can also absorb 1-2 meters of nutrients under the soil Therefore, only when the height of the grass exceeds the height of the crops, the vegetable farmers will cut off the higher part and return the compost to the field as fertilizer after fermentation In addition, there is another way to deal with it, which is to cut the tender grass and put it directly in the field, which is called "green manure returning to the field" It is not special to recommend Tiansheng pork pig for special agricultural products, but the growing environment is not general The pig house uses the mixture of indigenous microorganism and straw sawdust as the fermentation mattress material, and there is almost no peculiar smell in the pig house, so there is no need to wash it with water; the whole growth process of the pig does not use antibiotics, hormones, feed additives, pigs eat the farm's own rice, corn, vegetables and other crops, and feed the self-developed lactic acid bacteria and enzymes as health products for drinking, with a production cycle of about 10 months Tiansheng green vegetables grow for about 30 days without chemical fertilizer, pesticide and growth hormone It is safe and tastes fresh and tender Tiansheng native chicken is raised in the fruit forest and feeds on grains, weeds and insects Each native chicken has a growth area of 33 square meters and keeps its vitality throughout the year.