Investigation on the profit of all parties in the rise of grain price

Introduction: at this year's "two sessions", the issue of "agriculture, rural areas and farmers" has become one of the important topics for delegates and members Xu Gensheng, a member of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, said in a speech at the conference that only when the income of farmers, including food and agriculture, is raised to no less than the average income level of employees nationwide, can the "three rural" problem be truly solved In fact, MP7 committee members pay more attention to the problems of food production and farmers, but the farmers do not get much benefit from the increase of food prices MP7 issued the "central No.1 Document" recently, which clearly pointed out that from this year, the state will fully open the grain purchase and sales market, and implement multi-channel purchase and sales operation This means that more than one main body of the market will participate in the purchase and sale of grain Is there a phenomenon of middlemen driving up the price of grain in the current market? Do farmers benefit from rising food prices? With these problems, the reporter recently visited grain farmers and grain middlemen in China's wheat producing areas MP7 farmer: no wheat to sell, sit and watch the price rise on February 27, MP7, the reporter came to the national commodity wheat base - Gaocheng City, Hebei Province In Meihua town grain station of Gaocheng City, the reporter saw that although the weather is not very good, there are still people driving tricycles to sell grain It is understood that these are grain vendors who go to the countryside to collect grain when they are idle and then sell it to grain stations Tian Yingjun and Zhou Zhenjun, villagers of nangaozhuang village in Meihua Town, are partners in this business They told reporters that they can't get wheat now They sell the corn at the price of 5.5 per Jin and earn 1 cent per Jin When asked by MP7 reporters if they have benefited from the increase in grain prices, Tian Yingjun told reporters that there are many people in the industry now, and no one will sell if the prices are low The reporter then interviewed several other farmers present Their situation was similar to that of Tian Yingjun's family Some of them sold their rations last summer and now have to buy high price flour They also calculated an account for the reporter, taking Tian Yingjun's family as an example: the summer grain sold 2000 Jin of wheat, with an income of 920 yuan, the autumn grain sold 6500 Jin of corn at a price of 0.55 yuan (all sold), with an income of 3570 yuan and a total income of 4495 yuan But at the same time, the price of chemical fertilizer and seeds is also rising (the price of chemical fertilizer per 100jin has increased from 61 yuan at the beginning of last year to 73 yuan now, and that of corn seeds has increased from 1.7 yuan per Jin last year to 2.6 yuan) In addition, the cost of watering, arable land and harvesting is 3420 yuan in total After offsetting, the income of grain planting is less than 1100 yuan, which can not sustain the annual living expenses of the family at all, so they now rely on selling grain Food makes some extra money MP7 is in Xijing village, Gaocheng City The reporter saw that there are many individual grain purchasing points on both sides of the road where cars come and go Han Suping, the owner of an individual purchase point, pointed to a small pile of wheat nearby and told the reporter that the purchase price of high-quality wheat is now 0.8 yuan / Jin, while the purchase price last summer was about 0.58 yuan / Jin Although the price has increased a lot, it is difficult to collect it now, because there is no surplus grain in the farmer's family "In fact, some of our grain is not directly sold to flour mills There is also a grain vendor who comes to buy my grain They come to me to buy the grain and then sell it to processing factories," Han told reporters When the reporter asked him if he would take advantage of the lack of food resources to raise the price of food, Han Suping pointed to several nearby purchase points and said, "we have competition here, I have raised the price, and if others don't mention it, my food is not easy to sell." Now the price of wheat we buy is 80 cents a catty, and it's only 80 cents when we sell it to flour mills Sometimes it's less than 80 cents a catty, and we make a few cents a catty "Two peddlers" can't make a lot of money after removing the freight " MP7 flour factory: it's not a good day for MP7 wheat price to rise Of course, the price of flour will also rise Reporter in Gaocheng City Siming street a grain shop interview saw that the local production of 20 jin a bag of flour in November last year before the price of grain only sold 12 yuan, around November to the Spring Festival has sold to 18 yuan, now has sold to 22 yuan a bag Will flour mills profit from the price increase? MP7 is located in Zhaoxian County, Hebei Province, which is close to Meihua town The reporter came to Fengdeng flour factory of Zhaoxian county Zhang Qixing of the factory Office introduced to the reporter that they bought wheat at 0.74 yuan / jin-0.75 yuan / Jin, and the processed flour was sold at 0.86 yuan / Jin The price difference was 0.11 yuan per Jin, the same as before the price of wheat did not rise Now their flour mills are not very well off The difficulty lies in the fact that the wheat cannot be harvested and the production cannot be fully operated In fact, as a small flour mill, the dilemma of Zhaoxian Fengdeng flour mill exists in many parts of the country According to the analysis of the insiders, China's wheat market will turn to the seller's market, and the rising price of raw grain will cause the small and medium-sized flour mills to be under started or gradually closed, stopped, merged and transferred, which will be merged or leased by large flour mills or group companies The reason is that small enterprises, including swarming small units, mainly rely on buying low-cost wheat on the spot, processing at low cost and selling at low price for profit However, as soon as the grain price rises, they will no longer have the above advantages On the contrary, large enterprises have strong capital strength, risk resistance ability and large purchasing radius, which will further accelerate the market integration of flour industry At the executive meeting of the State Council of MP7 on February 25, the State Council of the people's Republic of China approved in principle the opinions on further deepening the reform of grain circulation system and the implementation of direct subsidies to grain farmers It was pointed out at the meeting that the purchasing market should be liberalized and food and agriculture should be subsidized directly Professor Li Siheng, consultant of expert group of MP7 State Food Administration and researcher of China Grain economic society, said that the basic principle of the program recently adopted by the executive meeting of the State Council is that provinces should make decentralized decisions, directly subsidize the farmers who grow grain, and no longer implement the protection price The state-owned grain department will purchase at the market price, and on this basis, subsidize the farmers MP7 According to Professor Cheng Guoqiang of the Rural Economic Research Department of the development research center of the State Council, the process of grain marketization is to have all kinds of subjects come in At present, there are too few individual grain merchants and private grain merchants, which have not impacted the grain monopoly system If there are several large individual grain merchants coming out, the domestic grain market should be very fair, because their interests are mutually controlled Heng According to Professor Li Siheng of MP7, the opening of grain market means that the main bodies of all kinds of ownership can buy and sell grain, and state-owned grain enterprises have become general enterprises aiming at making money In this way, the interests of farmers may not be guaranteed, so the state should implement free purchase and sale under macro-control The specific way is to still give the state-owned grain enterprises a certain amount of money to carry out policy tasks and give farmers certain benefits MP7 MP7